The Role Ovarian Index in Formation of Oligomenorrhea in Women with Autoimmunity

Abstract

Menstrual irregularities of the oligomenorrhea type may depend on the presence or absence of hormonal or metabolic disorders. Antiovarian antibodies to the ovaries (AOA) can be one of the causes of hormonal disorders and related menstrual disorders. The aim of the study was to assess the functional state of the ovaries in women with oligomenorrhea and to compare the presence of antiovarian antibodies (AOA) with a group of healthy fertile women. Material and Methods: 105 patients of reproductive age with oligomenorrhea were examined. Control - 50 women of childbearing age with an undisturbed rhythm of menstruation. Body mass index was calculated, ultrasound was performed, LH, FSH, estradiol, total testosterone by immunochemiluminescent method, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) by ELISA, AOA by ELISA method were determined. Statistica software (Stat Soft, USA) was used for statistical analysis. Results: The average age of patients with oligomenorrhea and the control group was 31.39 ± 6.05 and 30.52 ± 5.92 years. Body mass index averaged 25.59 ± 2.74 and 24.12 ± 2.77 kg / m2 , respectively, in the main and control groups. The volume of the ovaries in the main group was 13.22 ± 3.01, in the control group - 6.0 ± 1.26 (p = 0.028), the width of the stroma in the main group was 16.46 ± 3.25 mm, in the control group - 8.97 ± 1.16 mm (p = 0.031). The average LH level in women with oligomenorrhea was 51.75% higher than the control level (p = 0.048), the LH / FSH ratio was higher by 44.28% (p = 0.007), and the AMH value was higher by 33.86% (p = 0.048). The AOA level in the main group averaged 6.36 ± 1.14 ng / ml, in the control group - 3.06 ± 1.16 ng / ml (p = 0.044). In patients with oligomenorrhea, AOA correlated with all studied hormones by a statistically significant relationship, and a significant relationship was determined with the level of LH, AMH and estradiol. In contrast to the main group, in women with a normal menstrual cycle, AOA was correlated with a significant significant association with FSH, total testosterone, and a weak insignificant association with LH. Conclusion: In women of reproductive age with oligomenorrhea, high levels of LH, AMH, LH / FSH and antiovarian antibodies are determined. Antiovarian antibodies to the ovaries in oligomenorrhea correlate with a direct, noticeable relationship with gonadotropic and steroid hormones. To identify the autoimmune process in patients with oligomenorrhea, it is necessary to determine antiovarian antibodies.