The role of working memory, field dependence, visual search, and reaction time in the left turn performance of older female drivers

Abstract

Older drivers have difficulties at intersections, especially in their performance of left turns. Older females are especially at risk in intersection maneuvers. Information processing abilities have been most promising in explaining the crash involvement of elderly drivers. This study examines the relationship of field dependence, visual search skills, and working memory to the decision to make a left turn at an intersection as well as to gap choice. Participants included thirty-three women ranging in age from 61 to 84 years. The results show that working memory plays a very important role in left-turn performance. Implications for appropriate interventions are discussed.