Abstract
Wishes are an important category of speech etiquette, whose significance in society culture and life is undeniable. The purpose of this article is to compare the main ways of wishes in two completely different linguistic cultures. The main research methods include comparative, definitional, component and contextual analysis and ethnic-linguistic-culturological one. In the process of the study, we came to the conclusion that one of the few units of speech etiquette can function in parallel with many other phenomena of speech etiquette, such as greeting, farewell, congratulation, condolence, gratitude, advice, etc. Despite the fact that wishes are a natural norm of communication, they have a huge force of influence on a person, as they are aimed on the creation of a good mood for an interlocutor. In Tatar and English, wishes have different forms of use, which characterizes them as the most common unit of speech etiquette. Wishes are chosen by a speaker with an emphasis on the generally accepted value system, on the idea of a value system of a listener, as well as his own ideas about what is good or bad, pleasant or unpleasant for an addressee. The materials of this article can be used in the practice of intercultural communication, in the translation process of teaching English to a Tatar language audience at higher education institutions and schools in order to develop intercultural communication among learners.
Highlights
Wishing is an important category of speech etiquette, whose importance in culture and in the life of society as a whole is undeniable
Wishes, being a natural norm of communication, have a tremendous impact on people, as they aim to create a good mood in an interlocutor
The content of the wish is chosen by a speaker with an emphasis on the generally accepted system of values, on the idea of a listener's value system, and on his own ideas about what is bad and what is good for an addressee, whether this wish is pleasant or unpleasant to an addressee
Summary
Wishing is an important category of speech etiquette, whose importance in culture and in the life of society as a whole is undeniable. This is probably one of the few units of speech etiquette that can function in parallel with many other phenomena of speech etiquette, such as greetings, farewells, congratulations, condolences, gratitude, advice, etc. It should be noted that the use of the wish, both in Tatar and in English, is associated with various communicative situations. In this regard, the wishes may have an oral and a written form, and, in N.M. Mekeko's opinion, they are divided into standardized and individualized ones
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