Abstract
Various models have been used to demonstrate the pronounced effects of the microwave frequency range electromagnetic fields, as well as weak and very weak combined collinear magnetic fields (CMF) with static and variable components in the order of micro- and nano-tesla. One of such models, previously shown to be sensitive to variations in the parameters of applied magnetic fields, is the neutrophil respiratory burst. Using luminol-enhanced cell chemiluminescence assay, we studied the effects of the CMF exerted directly on neutrophil suspensions and, indirectly, through aqueous solutions. To experimentally create a uniform standard weak CMF with 60 µT static and 100 nT alternating magnetic field components, we engineered a shielded magnetic field induction device. CMF applied directly to neutrophils enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by more than 36%. The pronounced stimulating effect was observed only when using the signals that included the frequency of 12.6 Hz that corresponds to the ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) frequency of the hydrated hydronium ion. Similarly, to direct exposure, CMF pre-treatment of a water sample subsequently added to the neutrophil suspension increased ROS production by 66%. The effect of CMF pre-treatment was retained after a series of dilutions and mechanical treatment but disappeared in “magnetic vacuum” or without mechanical influence. Therefore, weak and super weak magnetic fields may indirectly, via water, activate ROS production by neutrophils, provided that modulation of super weak component of collinear field corresponds to the ICR frequency of the hydrated hydronium ion.
Highlights
The influence of physical factors, and in particular of the magnetic fields, on living organisms has become an increasingly relevant biophysical topic in recent years
Using luminol-enhanced cell chemiluminescence assay, we studied the effects of magnetic fields directly on neutrophil suspensions and indirectly, exerted through aqueous solutions pre-incubated in a shielding permalloy container used to reduce external magnetic fields to ~10 nT
Our experiments with direct exposure of neutrophil suspension to the collinear magnetic fields (CMF) demonstrated that pre-treatment with the CMF set for ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) for hydronium ion (48.5 Hz) inhibited respiratory burst, while the CMF set for ICR for hydrated form of this complex ion (12.6 Hz), on the contrary, activated it
Summary
The influence of physical factors, and in particular of the magnetic fields, on living organisms has become an increasingly relevant biophysical topic in recent years. To most objectively elucidate the mechanisms underlying the biological action of weak and super weak combined (collinear static and alternating) magnetic fields (CMF), an experimental study of the effects associated with different CMF modes at a cellular level using well-studied standard models would be required. One of such models, previously shown to be sensitive to variations in the parameters of applied magnetic fields, is the neutrophil respiratory burst [1].
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