Abstract
This review of the experimental studies in quartz deformation since the discovery of hydro-lytic weakening concentrates on defining the role of the water more closely. The experiments show some appai ently inconsistent features that are clarified in the light of new results from a joint mechanical, infrared and electron microscopical study of a number of different quartzes, natural and synthetic, and of OH-rich quartzes heat-treated in various ways. The results indicate that the diffusivity of the effective OH species is probably concentration dependent and low enough up to 300 MPa to explain the failure to to weaken strong quartz by heating with water at these pressures. The occurrence of hydrolytic weakening at 1,500 MPa may involve both the higher degree of ionization of the water and the concentration dependence of the diffusivity. The equilibrium solubility of OH is also discussed and the implications for further experimental work examined.
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