Abstract
Visfatin is an adipocytokine and a potential biomarker encoded by the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase gene. It belongs to the nicotinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase family and involved in various metabolic processes and aging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of visfatin biomarker in oral diseases like periodontitis. A total of 60 patients (20–50 years) were included in this study, and they were divided into three groups. Group I consisted of 20 subjects with healthy periodontium, group II consisted of 20 subjects with generalized moderate gingivitis, and group III consisted of 20 subjects with generalized periodontitis. The clinical periodontal parameters, including plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment levels, were recorded, and saliva samples were collected. Salivary visfatin concentrations were assessed using standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results of the study showed that the visfatin concentrations were higher in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis compared with those of healthy individuals. Visfatin was found highest in group III (38.22 ± 3.38 ng/mL) followed by group II (26.66 ± 2.24 ng/mL) and the group I (25.60 ± 2.19 ng/mL). Thus, salivary visfatin is a potential inflammatory biomarker and acts as a mediator in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and, might serve as a diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker in oral diseases like periodontitis.
Highlights
A biomarker is “a substance that is measured objectively and evaluated as an indicator of normal biologic or pathologic process or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention.”[1]
We have evaluated salivary visfatin concentrations in periodontally healthy, generalized moderate gingivitis, and periodontitis subjects
Tabari et al[32] speculated that changes in the microbial composition and the ongoing inflammatory process in the pocket environment have a close relationship with the visfatin levels in saliva
Summary
A biomarker is “a substance that is measured objectively and evaluated as an indicator of normal biologic or pathologic process or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention.”[1]. Saliva, when considered as a biomarker is an important physiologic fluid, and is rapidly gaining popularity as a diagnostic tool. Saliva contains both host-derived and microbial-derived factors, including several enzymes that degrade proteins, proteoglycans, lipids, and carbohydrates and enzymes in saliva can originate from cells in salivary glands, microorganisms, epithelial cells, and neutrophils. As a mirror of oral and systemic health, is a valuable source for clinically relevant information because it contains biomarkers specific for the unique physiologic aspects of periodontal diseases.[2] published online May 21, 2021. Role of Visfatin in Oral Health and Disease Coutinho et al 105
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