The role of veterinarians in the One Health approach to antimicrobial resistance perspectives in Jordan

Randa Bazzi,Gábor Rácz,Akram Alaboudi

doi:10.1186/s44149-021-00033-5

Randa Bazzi, Gábor Rácz + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s44149-021-00033-5

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Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the role of Jordanian veterinarians in terms of their knowledge, attitudes and common practices in combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and summarize the registered veterinary drugs between 2017 2020. Descriptive study data were collected using a standardized questionnaire that focused on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Jordanian veterinarians. The findings were analyzed descriptively; 84% of the participants agreed with the statement on the definition of AMR. The majority (95.65%) of participants agreed that AMR is a challenge for the veterinary sector in Jordan and that it should be prioritized over other zoonotic diseases. Approximately 69% of the participants believed that the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials by unqualified, fraudulent, or unauthorized practitioners is the primary reason for the rise of cases associated with AMR and the challenges that accompany these. The most common practice among the respondents in this study was to recommend clients (e.g., farmers and owners) to practice good animal husbandry (80.00%). The study also revealed that there was a significant difference (p = 0.015) between attendance at AMR training sessions and the professional sector (private, public, and academic) of the veterinarians. This study underscores the importance of implementing a continuous education program on AMR so as to enhance the all-round knowledge of veterinarians and improve their advisory skills. In addition, laws should be enacted to ensure that veterinarians prescribe the correct antimicrobials and to improve surveillance systems for monitoring the use of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine.

Highlights

Antimicrobials, including antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, and antiparasitics, are used to prevent and treat infections in humans, animals, and plants.1 Microbes can become resistant to antimicrobials as a result of ineffective or prolonged antimicrobial treatment
Attitudes, and practices survey results Demographic information From the demographic information of the participants (Table 1), most veterinarians were found to be residing in Jordan during the survey period (n = 101/115, 87.83%)
72% (n = 83/115) of participants had an academic degree in veterinary medicine and surgery, whereas the remaining participants had a PhD

Summary

Introduction

Antimicrobials, including antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, and antiparasitics, are used to prevent and treat infections in humans, animals, and plants. Microbes can become resistant to antimicrobials as a result of ineffective or prolonged antimicrobial treatment. Microbes can become resistant to antimicrobials as a result of ineffective or prolonged antimicrobial treatment. This resistance may be “innate” owing to the slow and long evolutionary. In 1951, the addition of streptomycin as a growth promoter resulted in three strains of streptomycin-resistant coliform bacteria (Starr and Reynolds, 1951). This evolution was caused by the bacteria’s evolutionary machinery, which used its genomic flexibility to better adapt to the environment, including the ability to protect itself from toxic substances (Palma et al, 2020)

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