Abstract
The present work was initiated in order to evaluate the composition, structure and diversity of the flora of the Manda National Park (MNP) to contribute to its sustainable management. The survey area is a square plot of 1m x 1m and a semi plot of 10m x 10m respectively for grassy savannah and shrub savannah and a rectangular plot of 50m x 20m for woodland and tree savannah. The diameter at breast height and total height of all woody individuals were measured. The floristic inventory resulted in a total of 12885 individuals belonging to 102 species, 81 genera and 34 families. The tree savannah (78 species, 59 genera and 26 families) and woodland (65 species, 54 genera and 24 families) are richer in taxonomic groups than the shrub savannah (38 species, 32 genera and 16 families) and the grassy savannah (19 species, 18 genera and 8 families) The average density of the park and its Shannon index are respectively 1956 ind/ha and 2.82 bits. For these plant formations, their density and Shannon index are highest in the tree savannah (3507 ind/ha and 3.11 bits) and lowest in the shrub savannah (1133 ind/ha and 2.03 bits). The Piélou index for each of the plant formations is low (0.19 to 0.25), indicating a poor equi- distribution of individuals between the different species for the plant formations. In the woodland, the diametrical and vertical distributions are bell-shaped and skewed to the right, centered on young individuals. In contrast, in the Tree and Shrub Savannahs the distributions are in the shape of an inverted "J", characteristic of a formation dominated by juvenile individuals. These results lead to the conclusion that the Manda Park has a good species diversity and is under anthropic pressure due to the destruction of its vegetation cover.
Highlights
Tropical forests are the richest in biological diversity, but they are the most threatened by anthropogenic activities due largely to population growth (Ajavon et al, 2019)
The characterization of the forest structure of tropical forests is a major issue for the management of natural forests, is one of the most important sources of basic data especially for research on biological diversity, development of forest management systems, management and nature conservation (Masharabu, 2010; Ndotam et al, 2017)
The floristic inventory of the Manda National Park has allowed us to record a total of 12885 individuals belonging to 103 species, 81 genera and 34 families
Summary
Tropical forests are the richest in biological diversity, but they are the most threatened by anthropogenic activities due largely to population growth (Ajavon et al, 2019). Given the seriousness of the ecological situation in the Manda National Park, the need for an action plan for the conservation and preservation of biodiversity is imperative in order to curb the degradation of biological resources. It is in this respect that the interest of our work lies, which aims to analyze the current state of the MNP in order to provide attributes of management and improvement adapted to current conditions. It will be a question of determining the composition, structure and floristic diversity of this park
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