The Role of TLR4 Asp299Gly and TLR4 Thr399Ile Polymorphisms in the Pathogenesis of Urinary Tract Infections: First Evaluation in Infants and Children of Greek Origin.

Panagiota Karananou,Alexandros Lambropoulos,Socrates Katafigiotis,Despoina Tramma,Anastasia Alataki,Efimia Papadopoulou-Alataki

doi:10.1155/2019/6503832

Panagiota Karananou, Alexandros Lambropoulos + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6503832

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Abstract

Urinary tract infections are one of the most common and serious bacterial infections in a pediatric population. So far, they have mainly been related to age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic level, and the presence of underlying anatomical or functional, congenital, or acquired abnormalities. Recently, both innate and adaptive immunities and their interaction in the pathogenesis and the development of UTIs have been studied. The aim of this study was to assess the role and the effect of the two most frequent polymorphisms of TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile on the development of UTIs in infants and children of Greek origin. We studied 51 infants and children with at least one episode of acute urinary tract infection and 109 healthy infants and children. We found that 27.5% of patients and 8.26% of healthy children carried the heterozygote genotype for TLR4 Asp299Gly. TLR4 Thr399Ile polymorphism was found to be higher in healthy children and lower in the patient group. No homozygosity for both studied polymorphisms was detected in our patients. In the group of healthy children, a homozygote genotype for TLR4 Asp299Gly (G/G) as well as for TLR4 Thr399Ile (T/T) was showed (1.84% and 0.92 respectively). These results indicate the role of TLR4 polymorphism as a genetic risk for the development of UTIs in infants and children of Greek origin.

Highlights

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common and potentially important and serious bacterial infections in a pediatric population affecting approximately 2.6-7.5% of febrile children annually [1]
We found that 27.5% of patients and 8026% of healthy children carried the heterozygote genotype for TLR4 Asp299Gly, a difference which was statistically significant
In the group of children with scars, the incidence rate of TLR4 Asp299Gly and TLR4 Thr399Ile polymorphisms was found at 3.5% and at 14% while in the group of children without scars at 7% and at 12.2% respectively. These results contradict ours, since we found TLR4 Thr399Gly polymorphism is rare in children with UTI, whereas TLR4 Asp299Gly polymorphism is more common [17]

Summary

Introduction

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common and potentially important and serious bacterial infections in a pediatric population affecting approximately 2.6-7.5% of febrile children annually [1]. The prognosis of a single episode of febrile UTI is usually good, major concerns are related to the risk of permanent renal injury, which may predispose to hypertension and renal insufficiency in some patients [4, 5]. UTIs have mainly been related to age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic level, and the presence of underlying anatomical or functional, congenital, or acquired abnormalities. The function of innate immunity in the control of UTIs was studied. The need to clarify the role of the host (uroepithelium) response to recognize uropathogenic strains and the local immune response against their invasion has made the study of new risk factors imperative. The discovery of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) introduces the research of the role of innate immunity in relation to UTIs. PRRs are important

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