THE ROLE OF THE KAZAKH KHOJAS IN THE HISTORY OF THE KAZAKH PEOPLE

Abstract

The spread of Khojas in the Kazakh lands began with the arrival of the oppositional branch of Islam in the territory of South Kazakhstan - the teachings of Kaisaniya-Mubayidiya. As a result of the struggle for political power in the major centers of the Islamic State, under the influence of various currents, two main currents in Islam were formed - Ahl al-Hadith and Ahl ar-Rai. The representatives of Ahl ar-Rai, the Kaysaniya-Mubayidiya, stood at the forefront of all scientific research in Islam. The Abbasids, who came to power under the influence of the Kaisani movement, began to persecute members of the Kaisani sect out of fear of the future. Thus, the Turkic-Islamic history began initially with the arrival of the Khoja dynasty in Turkestan. The article discusses the contribution of "Islamic pioneers" in the preservation of the traditional culture of the Turkic-Muslim peoples and their role in the turning points of Kazakh history. The rise of Islam, including the Yasavi way, to the level of state ideology in the Jochi ulus is outlined, which radically changes the religious and spiritual policy of the state, the process and reasons for the transformation of the institute of judges into an effective tool of state administration in the 18th century are indicated.