The Role of The Hippocampus in Conditionally Reflective Activity and The Formation of The Functional State of The Crust of The Large Hemisphere

Abstract

The studies were carried out on dogs, which were stereotactically implanted with depth electrodes in the ventral and dorsal parts of the hippocampus. We studied the effect of stimulation of these structures with an electric current of high (60 pulses/sec) and low (4 pulses/sec) frequencies on conditional reflex activity and the formation of the functional state of the cerebral cortex. It was revealed that stimulation of different structures of the hippocampus has a different effect on the tone of cortex cells. The nature of this influence depends on the frequency of the electric current, which was used to stimulate. Formulation of the problem. Analysis of recent research and publications. There are a number of scientific papers devoted to the study of the role of the hippocampus in the regulation of various body functions (Giuliana, Caronia, Jennifer, Wilcoxon, et all., 2010; Purvis, EM, O'Donnelly, JC et all, 2020). Some authors believe that the hippocampus is a poly-functional structure: the center of visceral functions and sense of smell, memory, and learning, the regulator of emotions and motivations, it is used for orientation reflexes and attention, sensory analysis (Chaychenko, G.M., 1984; Wiskott L, Rasch MJ, Kempermann G. Wiskott L, Rasch MJ, Kempermann G. et all. 2006). But today there is not enough reliable data on the role of this structure in conditioned reflex activity under conditions of electrical stimulation of various structures of the hippocampus. It was found that when the hippocampus is stimulated by a weak electric current during the formation of conditioned reflexes, the fixation time of the reflex is significantly reduced, ie the processes of memorization and learning are accelerated (Gray, J.A., 1983; Diana, X Yu, Maria, C Marchetto, Fred, H Gage, 2014; Nader, K, Krysiak A, Beroun, A, et all., 2019; Whitfield, JF, Chakravarthy, BR., 2009). The mechanism of temporal connections has been shown to play an important role in regulating cortical tone. If the question of the formation of the functional state of the cortex of the large hemispheres during the formation of conditioned reflexes is more or less studied, then the question of the dependence of this phenomenon on the properties of the inhibitory process is insufficiently studied (William, D Jones, Sarah, M Guadiana, Elizabeth, A Grove, 2019). In addition, the role of various subcortical structures and, in particular, the hippocampus in the regulation of the tone of the cortex of the large hemispheres has not been clarified to date. The purpose to establish features of the formation of a functional condition of the bark of large hemispheres in the conditions of electric stimulation of various structures of a hippocampus