Abstract
Interpapillary spacing is an important aspect of crop management in general, and the choice of row spacing reflects a compromise between improving natural resource capture by the constituent members of the plant in the field. The research was applied during the winter season 2019-2020 to know the role of planting row spacing on the main stem and tillers of wheat cultivar km5180. Use the design of R.C.B.D. In the order of the factorial experiment, the cultivars occupied the first factor, and included V1 the Iraq variety and V2 the KM5180 cultivar. The agricultural distances were the second factor, and the distances included three (S1 = 20) cm, (S2 = 40) cm, and (S3 = 60) cm, spacing between the lines. The results showed the effect of line spacing on most of the studied characteristics of the main stem, as the distance of 60 cm gave a significant superiority in the characteristics (spike length (cm), number of spikes.m2 and biological yield ton. ha), which averaged (13.72 (cm), 32.5 spikes.m2 and 5.7088 ton. ha) successively, as the results showed that the distance of 60 cm exceeded the studied characteristics of the branches (plant height cm, number of spikes m2 and biological yield ton. ha), which averaged (91.31, 301.7 spikes m2 and 10.515 ton. ha) sequentially. The reason for the cultivation distance exceeding (60) cm, the farthest between the lines, is due to the increase in the number of stems bearing spikes and the lack of competition for penetrating light and mineral elements present in the soil between plants, and then the nutrients deposited in all parts of the plant. As for the cultivars, the main stem of the KM5180 cultivar was significantly superior for the characteristics (spike length cm, number of spikes/spike, number of spikes.m2), whose averages were (12.68 cm, 17.500 spikes/spike and 195.50 spikes.m2), respectively, over the Iraq cultivar. We conclude that it is possible to adopt the planting distance of 60 cm and the cultivar KM5180, as it gave the best results in most of the traits included in the research.
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