Abstract
This article provides an overview of the incidence of colorectal cancer in the United States and describes personal and familial factors that increase a person's risk for developing colorectal cancer. Recommendations for each classification of patient risk group are outlined. An in depth review of screening justification for colorectal cancer is presented as well as the American Cancer Society's recommendations for screening. Descriptions of and recommended frequency for fecal occult blood tests, flexible sigmoidoscopy, double contrast barium enema, and colonoscopy are explained as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each test. The role and fundamental responsibilities of the nurse endoscopist are presented based on the author's personal experience. Factors that influence patient compliance are also described, including the role of the gastroenterology nurse in facilitating colorectal cancer screening.
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