Abstract
The wide spreading of electric mobility is imposing the application of new technologies of hardware and software for supporting new operation paradigms, not only in the perspective of improving smart grids, but also each time more in the perspective of boosting the preponderance of smart homes. Concretely, nowadays it is clear that the emergent technologiesfor smart homes, targeting power quality and a more efficient power management, are also altering the conventional electrical power grids toward smart grids. In this panorama, by relating the strategic pillars of electric mobility and smart homes, this paper has as main objective the characterization of the role of the electric vehicle (EV) in smart homes, presenting a broad assessment based on the state of the art, as well as creating a link with upcoming advanced operations. From the smart home point of view, since it should be equipped to deal with the requirements of the EV, the assessment of both on-board and off-board EV battery charging systems are considered along the paper. Furthermore, the presence of technologies such as energy storage systems, renewable energy sources and dc electrical appliances in smart homes towards sustainability is also reflected in this paper, but framed from the point of view of an off-board EV battery charging system, since it is more convenient for enabling the interface of these mentioned technologies. Looking the paper as a whole, a relevant contribution is the discussion of future operations for the EV in smart homes, also envisioning the opportunity for ac, dc, or hybrid power grids. Illustrative and strategic results are shown, covering all these features with specific details, not only based on numerical simulations, but also based on experimental results, which were obtained with a proof-of-concept laboratory prototype.
Highlights
As is well predictable in numerous countries around the world, the growing paradigm of electric mobility is spreading in all the transportation sector, where miscellaneous technologies are evolving as a revolutionary contribution toward sustainability [1][2]
Innovative technologies are arising, in terms of hardware and software, for smart homes and smart grids, responding to needs raised by the electric mobility dissemination
Taking into account the electric vehicle (EV) pertinence in terms of operation modes for smart homes, the EV characterization is the main objective of this paper, where an assessment of the state of the art operation modes is utilized as a guideline to imminent new perspectives
Summary
As is well predictable in numerous countries around the world, the growing paradigm of electric mobility is spreading in all the transportation sector, where miscellaneous technologies are evolving as a revolutionary contribution toward sustainability [1][2]. To the flexible controllability offered by the EV-BCS for smart homes and smart grids when operating in G2V/V2G modes, more recently, pioneering operation modes, involving the EV and the smart grid, are emerging from the point of view of power quality Some of these examples are correlated to the option to consider the EV as an independent power source when occurring power outages (i.e., the EV can operate as the main voltage source during few moments according to the battery state-of-charge and the user permission, e.g., during the integration in the smart home or even in scenarios of islanded grids).
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