Abstract
Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent pollutants routinely detected in aquatic ecosystems. It is, therefore, necessary to assess the link between deleterious marine biota PAH effects, especially in commercialized and consumed animals, environmental health status, and potential human health risks originating from the consumption of contaminated seafood products. Thus, this review seeks to verify the relationships of ecotoxicological studies in determining effect and safety concentrations on animals routinely consumed by humans. Methods: A total of 52 published studies between 2011 and 2021, indexed in three databases, were selected following the PICO methodology, and information on test animals, evaluated PAH, and endpoints were extracted. Results: Benzo(a)pyrene and phenanthrene were the most investigated PAHs in terms of biomarkers and test organisms, and mussels were the most evaluated bioindicator species, with an emphasis on reproductive responses. Furthermore, despite the apparent correlation between environmental PAH dynamics and effects on aquatic biota and human health, few assessments have been performed in a multidisciplinary manner to evaluate these three variables together. Conclusions: The links between human and environmental sciences must be strengthened to enable complete and realistic toxicity assessments as despite the application of seafood assessments, especially to mussels, in bioassays, the connection between toxicological animal responses and risks associated with their consumption is still understudied.
Highlights
IntroductionHuman, environmental, environmental, and animal health health are are all all intrinsically intrinsically correlated correlated according accordingHuman, and animal to the OneHealth concept [1].This concept, coined in through the integration of to the One Health concept [1]
This study aims to verify the applicability of ecotoxicological data concerning contaminated seafood in human health risk assessments by employing a systematic review
The central question of this study was established as “Do published ecotoxicological studies on Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), employing marine biota, enable the assessment of human health risks associated with contaminated seafood consumption?” This was answered through sub-items such as “Which organisms have been used in toxicity tests and under which exposure levels?”, “Which parameters and endpoints were evaluated in these studies?”, “What is the degree of risk concerning human health by the consumption of marine biota, and is this risk directly related to the effects observed in contaminated animals?”
Summary
This concept, coined in through the integration of to the One Health concept [1] This concept, coined in 2004 through the integration of human medicine and veterinary medicine, seeks to incorporate environmental health human medicine and veterinary medicine, seeks to incorporate environmental health bases to to establish establish links links between between ecosystem ecosystem effects effects and and the the triggering triggering of of conditions conditions that that bases affect human, animal, and environmental health [2]. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent pollutants routinely detected in aquatic ecosystems It is, necessary to assess the link between deleterious marine biota PAH effects, especially in commercialized and consumed animals, environmental health status, and potential human health risks originating from the consumption of contaminated seafood products. Methods: A total of 52 published studies between 2011 and 2021, indexed in three databases, were selected following the PICO methodology, and information on test animals, evaluated PAH, and endpoints were extracted
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