The role of synbiotics in Alzheimer`s management

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundQuercetin and Lactobacillus Brevis were used in the development of S‐SNEDDS for their antiinflammaging effect in Alzheimer`s diseaseMethodThe isotropic mixture was prepared by incorporating Capmul MCM, Tween 80 and Transcutol P as oil, surfactant and co surfactant phases respectively. Quercetin was then added. The probiotic mixture was selected as a solid carrier and drug loading was calculated. The droplet size and zeta potential was also determined. The formulation was also assessed for differential scanning colorimetry (DSC), powder x ray diffraction studies (PXRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy studies (FESEM). Stability studies of the developed formulation was also carried out. Alzheimer’s disease was induced in rats by the use of aluminum chloride (100mg/kg) after taking necessary permission from the institution animal ethical committee. The Morris water maze (MWM) test was used to assess the animals 48 hours following the last treatment. Utilizing marketed ELISA kits, the concentrations of TNF, IL‐1, and IL‐6 were determined.ResultQuercetin was solubilized in the isotropic mixture. The drug loading was found to be 93.4±0.75% for the liquid SNEDDS (QUE‐L‐SNEDDS) formulation. The droplet size of QUE‐L‐SNEDDS was found to be 73.24±1.45nm and had a zeta potential of ‐23.21±1.34 mV. Whereas, the solid SNEDDS (QUE‐LB‐S‐SNEDDS) was found to be 74.56±1.23 nm and had a zeta potential of ‐21.43 mV, respectively. This indicated that there was no change in the L‐SNEDDS and S‐SNEDDS formulation. Further, the amorphous nature of quercetin was confirmed by the DSC, PXRD and FESEM studies. Aluminum chloride was successful in inducing Alzheimer`s disease in the rats. Impaired learning and memory impairments, increased short‐term memory loss, and decreased locomotor activity were all observed in the negative controls. The developed formulation was successful in reversing the inflammatory effects of Alzheimer’s disease.ConclusionThe present study reveals that Quercetin and Lactobacillus Brevis can be used as a symbiotic combination as well as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of inflammation related to Alzheimer’s disease. The results reveal an interesting outcome at the preclinical level and warrants future studies aimed at other plant based polyphenolic compounds especially in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.