Abstract
Introduction Statins are commonly prescribed drugs that inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG Co-A) reductase, decreasing hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis by reducing serum cholesterol concentrations. Several studies demonstrated statins enhance new bone formation and increase bone volume in an animal. In this study, simvastatin and lovastatin were employed to elucidate the osteogenic effects of stains on the culture system of two stem cells; human bone marrow-derived (hMSC) and adipose-derived stem cell (hADSC). Materials and Methods In this study, simvastatin and lovastatin were employed to elucidate the osteogenic effects of stains on the culture system of two stem cells; human bone marrow-derived (hMSC) and adipose-derived stem cell (hADSC). There are two experimental conditions: (1) statins supplemented along with other osteoinductive supplements and (2) without them. The statins increased the expression of the osteogenic markers, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red S staining(ARS) on both conditions. These results were verified with gene mRNA levels using PCR. Finally, ex vivo calvaria organ culture model was investigated by H&E and Masson trichrome staining. Results The statins increased the expression of the osteogenic markers, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red S staining (ARS) on both conditions. These results were verified with gene mRNA levels using PCR. There were almost the same trends in the expression of osteogenic makers induced from stem cell, although MSC was differentiated slower than ADSC. Also, neonatal murine calvarial was introduced to find the osteogenic effects of statins in ex vivo. It is observed that the bone density and thickness in the dissected calvarial tissue was enhanced in culture system including statins. Conclusion Our results suggests that statins could stimulate the differentiation of stem cell into osteoblasts and also affect the process of bone formation, resulting in the increase of mineralization induced by them. It implies that statins can be candidates as osteoinductive materials for bone fusion Disclosure of Interest None declared
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