The role of situation and personal anxiety levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus under stress

Abstract

Summary. Chronic stress leads to the chronicity of visceral and autonomic disorders, which indicates the possibility of autonomy of somatic disorders and justifies the relevance of this study. Depression, eating disorders and emotional stress make it difficult to control type 2 diabetes mellitus, which requires the intervention of a nurse. The aim of the study – to determine the level of anxiety and its effect on glucose concentration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus depending on the action of stress factors. Materials and Methods. To achieve this goal, 30 female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus aged 54–62 were interviewed using the Spielberger Alarm Scale (STAI) (Spilberger, 1983), in particular the Ukrainian-language modification of this scale, who applied for medical assistance to the Starosambir District Hospital. Respondents were interviewed twice: the first in 2021, the second time after the imposition of martial law (February 24, 2022), which was considered a stressor. Results. Under the influence of the stress factor, personal anxiety did not change, while a high level of situational anxiety prevailed (in 22 patients) and a low level of situational anxiety was not detected. Analysis of glucose levels showed its dependence on the level of situational anxiety, in particular, the highest concentration of glucose was recorded at high levels of anxiety. In patients with diabetes mellitus under stress, glucose levels were significantly higher at moderate (10.5 %) and high (12.6 %) levels of anxiety, according to such data in patients with diabetes without stress. Conclusions. Moderate levels of situational and personal anxiety predominate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Under conditions of stress, a high level of situational anxiety prevails, while personal anxiety is virtually unchanged. Under conditions of stress, glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus are likely to be higher at moderate (10.5 %) and high (12.6 %) levels of anxiety, according to such data in patients with diabetes without stress. In type 2 diabetes mellitus some dissatisfaction with life predominates, while the combination of diabetes and stress is characterized by 40 % of some dissatisfaction and 36.0 % of dissatisfaction with life