The role of short‐chain fatty acid receptor‐mediated macrophages in adipose tissue inflammation

Abstract

Short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate are produced from dietary fiber by the gut microbial fermentation and utilized for host energy sources. Recently, they have been recognized as not only essential host energy sources but also signal transduction molecules to maintain host body energy homeostasis via G protein‐coupled receptor FFAR2 and FFAR3.In the previous report, we showed that the FFAR2 stimulation in adipocytes suppressed adipocyte‐specific insulin signaling, thereby inhibiting the excessive energy uptake and fat accumulation in adipose tissues. Moreover, it was reported that FFAR2 was abundantly expressed in immune tissues as well as adipose tissues.We found that FFAR2 expression was significantly increased in LPS‐induced macrophage, and FFAR2‐mediated immune response is related to the suppression of adipose insulin signaling and fat accumulation in adipose tissue. Hence, these further studies will suggest a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of metabolic syndromes such as obesity and diabetes.