Abstract
Background: No previous study explored the association between serum calcium levels and dyslipidemia in children. This study aimed to explore this relationship in children, based on a multicenter cross-sectional study population in China.Methods: Cross-sectional data was derived from the Pediatric Reference Intervals in China (PRINCE) study conducted between 2017 and 2018 involving 5,252 males and 5,427 females with a mean age of 10.0 ± 4.6 years. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to calculate odds ratios (ORs), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), for dyslipidemia of each serum calcium level and albumin-corrected calcium levels, which were sorted into quartiles. The restricted cubic spline model was fitted for the dose-response analysis. An L-shaped dose-response relation between calcium levels and the probability of dyslipidemia was found after the adjustment for multiple potential confounding factors, p for non-linear < 0.001.Results: Using the middle category of calcium level as the reference, multivariable-adjusted ORs and 95% CIs of the lowest and the highest quartile categories were 0.96 (0.82–1.12) and 1.29 (1.12–1.48), respectively, for total serum calcium levels and 1.06 (0.91–1.23) and 1.39 (1.21–1.60) for albumin-corrected calcium levels.Conclusions: Individuals with higher levels of serum calcium were associated with increased risk of dyslipidemia in a sample of a healthy Chinese pediatric population. The association between serum calcium levels and dyslipidemia needs to be examined prospectively in future studies.
Highlights
Calcium plays an important role in intracellular and extracellular signal transductions [1, 2] and muscle contractions [3], as well as other biological functions [4]
There were a total of 10,679 participants, 5,252 males and 5,427 females, with a mean age of 10.0 ± 4.6 years
Epidemiological studies found that higher serum calcium levels and albumin-corrected calcium levels were associated with an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and hypertension [6, 27,28,29]
Summary
Calcium plays an important role in intracellular and extracellular signal transductions [1, 2] and muscle contractions [3], as well as other biological functions [4]. Serum Calcium and Pediatric Dyslipidemia with cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, and insulin resistance in adult populations [9,10,11,12]. The current situation of maternal and child healthcare in China were improved greatly, and the potential excessive use of calcium supplements and the coexistence of excessive nutrition and lack of exercise among children might increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesized that calcium levels might be associated with lipid metabolism in child populations. For this purpose, we analyzed the biochemical analyte data from the Pediatric Reference Intervals in China (PRINCE) study population. No previous study explored the association between serum calcium levels and dyslipidemia in children. This study aimed to explore this relationship in children, based on a multicenter cross-sectional study population in China
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