Abstract
As the population of most nations have a large proportion of older individuals, there is an increase in the prevalence of osteoporosis. Consequently, scientists have focused their attention on the pathogenic mechanisms of osteoporosis. Owing to an increase in studies on cellular senescence in recent years, research has begun to focus on the function of the senescent microenvironment in osteoporosis. With chronic inflammation, senescent cells in the bone marrow secrete a series of factors known as senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, acting on their own or surrounding healthy cells and consequently exacerbating ageing.The components of the SASP may differ depending on the cause of osteoporosis. This review aimed to summarize the relationship between SASP factors and osteoporosis and suggest new insights into the mechanistic investigation of osteoporosis.
Highlights
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal condition characterized by decreased bone mass and degeneration of the bone tissue microstructure
In vitro experiments have shown that conditioned media produced by senescent cells suppress osteoblast mineralization and that this process can be alleviated by JAK inhibitors (Figure 1A). These experiments suggest that cellular senescence and the release of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors may play key roles in age-related osteoporosis (Farr et al, 2017) (Figure 1B)
Evidence suggests that radiation causes bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to senesce and activates the januskinase 1/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway in these cells, which, in turn, secrete SASP factors
Summary
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal condition characterized by decreased bone mass and degeneration of the bone tissue microstructure. Inhibit B lymphocyte formation Promote inflammation and induce stem cell senescence Associated with tumor cell invasion Regulate B lymphocyte production and maintain BMSC function Activate natural killer cells and remove senescent cells In the field of age-related osteoporosis research, the study of SASP in the bone marrow senescent microenvironment is still in its early stages.
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