The Role of SDF-1/CXCR4/CXCR7 in Neuronal Regeneration after Cerebral Ischemia.

Xi Cheng,Weiyu Teng,Xiaopeng Mu,Xiuchun Zhang,Huibin Wang,Zhike Zhou,Chuansheng Zhao,Shanshan Zhao

doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00590

Abstract

Stromal cell-derived factor-1 is a chemoattractant produced by bone marrow stromal cell lines. It is recognized as a critical factor in the immune and central nervous systems (CNSs) as well as exerting a role in cancer. SDF-1 activates two G protein-coupled receptors, CXCR4 and CXCR7; these are expressed in both developing and mature CNSs and participate in multiple physiological and pathological events, e.g., inflammatory response, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, hematopoiesis, cancer metastasis, and HIV infection. After an ischemic stroke, SDF-1 levels robustly increase in the penumbra regions and participate in adult neural functional repair. Here we will review recent findings about SDF-1 and its receptor, analyse their functions in neurogeneration after brain ischemic injury: i.e., how the system promotes the proliferation, differentiation and migration of neural precursor cells and mediates axonal elongation and branching.

Highlights

Xi Cheng 1, Huibin Wang 1, Xiuchun Zhang 1, Shanshan Zhao 1, Zhike Zhou 2, Xiaopeng Mu 1, Chuansheng Zhao 1* and Weiyu Teng 1*
In vitro experiments showed that mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways were associated with NSCs differentiation, ERK1/2 phosphorylation is an early signaling event required for the neuronal differentiation of NSCs (Li et al, 2006), whereas another study demonstrated that inhibition of JNK facilitated NSC differentiation, which was negatively correlated with the differentiation of NSCs (Yang et al, 2005).Interestingly, during the development of neuroprogenitor cells (NPCs), endogenous Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), and CXCR4 have different expression locations
There is convincing data indicating that SDF-1/CXCR4/CXCR7 can promote neurogenesis and angiogenesis, two interdependent processes required for recovery after a stroke

Summary

Introduction

Xi Cheng 1, Huibin Wang 1, Xiuchun Zhang 1, Shanshan Zhao 1, Zhike Zhou 2, Xiaopeng Mu 1, Chuansheng Zhao 1* and Weiyu Teng 1*. We will review recent findings about SDF-1 and its receptor, analyse their functions in neurogeneration after brain ischemic injury: i.e., how the system promotes the proliferation, differentiation and migration of neural precursor cells and mediates axonal elongation and branching.

Results

Conclusion