Abstract
Energy poverty is a problem that affects all member states of the European Union to a varying degree, including Poland, where about 9% of the population is at risk of energy poverty. The article aims to show the changes in energy poverty in Poland in 2010–2018. The specific goal, however, is to evaluate government measures aimed at reducing energy poverty through investments based on renewable energy sources. To present changes in the level of energy poverty in 2010–2018, the authors proposed a new synthetic measure that unifies several different measures used by researchers and allows for a comprehensive assessment of this phenomenon. The conducted research showed that in 2010–2018 there was a slow but visible decrease in the level of energy poverty in Poland. In addition, the article indicates investments in renewable energy sources that may have a positive impact on reducing the scale of energy poverty in Poland. The programs implemented with national and EU public funds, which finance investments in renewable energy sources in Poland, are also presented.
Highlights
Poverty in Households in Poland.Research on energy poverty conducted in the region of Central and Eastern Europe is an extremely important issue
In order to achieve the research objective and accomplish the tasks presented in the paper, the researchers had to apply a number of measures and statistical methods to calculate the synthetic measure of energy poverty, i.e., the synthetic indicator method, such as the Principal Components Analysis (PCA), which involves the reduction of a large number of variables to a few uncorrelated factors that retain as much as possible of the information about the phenomenon under study contained in the primary variables [64]
It is possible to combine more than one renewable energy source
Summary
Research on energy poverty conducted in the region of Central and Eastern Europe is an extremely important issue. In Poland, as in other countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the consequences of a centrally planned economy can be observed, such as dependence on polluting energy sources, the dominance of coal in energy production, ineffective housing resources and heating systems, and a small share of RES in energy production [1]. The main goal of the EU climate policy is to achieve at least 32% share of energy from renewable sources in total energy consumption by 2030. The above premises make the importance of renewable energy sources in reducing energy poverty in Poland a important issue
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