The Role of Religion in Shaping Social Attitudes towards LGBTQ+ Rights

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the role of religion in shaping social attitudes towards LGBTQ+ rights. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the role of religion in shaping social attitudes towards LGBTQ+ rights. Preliminary empirical review revealed that religious beliefs significantly influenced individuals' perceptions and attitudes towards LGBTQ+ individuals and their rights. It found that conservative religious denominations often held negative views towards LGBTQ+ individuals, while more liberal traditions embraced inclusivity and equality. Religious institutions and leaders played a significant role in shaping public discourse and policy debates surrounding LGBTQ+ rights, with varying degrees of support or opposition. The study also highlighted the intersectionality of religion with other social dimensions, such as race and socio-economic status, in shaping attitudes towards LGBTQ+ rights. Overall, the findings underscored the complexities of the relationship between religion and social attitudes towards LGBTQ+ rights and emphasized the importance of fostering dialogue, education, and advocacy to promote greater acceptance and inclusion. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Social Identity theory, Social Learning theory and Cognitive Dissonance theory may be used to anchor future studies on role of religion in shaping social attitudes towards LGBTQ+ rights. The study made several recommendations that contributed to theory, practice, and policy. It suggested further research to advance theoretical frameworks that elucidate the complex interplay between religion and attitudes towards LGBTQ+ rights, emphasizing the need for intersectional analyses. In practice, the study recommended promoting dialogue, education, and advocacy within religious communities to foster greater understanding and acceptance of LGBTQ+ individuals. From a policy perspective, it underscored the importance of legislative initiatives that protect LGBTQ+ rights while respecting religious freedom, as well as targeted interventions and support services tailored to the unique needs of LGBTQ+ individuals within religious contexts. Additionally, the study emphasized leveraging media and communication channels to promote positive portrayals of LGBTQ+ individuals and amplify their voices within religious communities. Overall, the recommendations provided a comprehensive framework for advancing acceptance, inclusion, and equality for LGBTQ+ individuals within religious settings and society.