Abstract
目的 研究火箭液体推进剂偏二甲基肼(UDMH)和四氧化二氮(N2O4)吸入性急性肺损伤(ALI)中肺泡表面活性物质(PS)的变化及其与ALI的关系. 方法 84只大鼠分为对照组和5个实验组.实验组在静式染毒柜内分别吸入UDMH(0.98 g/m3)和N2O4(0.19 g/m3)各10 min,间隔10 min.实验组在吸入后2、6、12、24、48 h分别处死.测定各组大鼠常压下支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)的表面张力(γ)、加压下最低表面张力(γmin)、磷脂酰胆碱(PC)和磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE).同时测定肺组织湿/干重比(W/D)、BALF中总蛋白和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)等肺损伤指标,评价病理学改变. 结果 UDMH-N2O4吸入性ALI表现为肺W/D比值增加、BALF中总蛋白和LDH升高,以及肺水肿、肺间隔增厚等病理变化.PS的异常表现为:①在UDMH-N2O4吸入后2 h BALF中γ和γmin即明显升高,至24～48 h尚未恢复到对照组水平;②吸入后24 h BALF中PC明显低于对照组,PE含量明显高于对照组.以BALF中总蛋白作为肺损伤指标与PS异常的指标γ和γmin分别做直线相关分析,相关系数分别为0.435(P<0.01)和0.419(P<0.01). 结论 UDMH-N2O4吸入性ALI中存在PS异常,PS异常可能参与了UDMH-N2O4吸入性ALI的发生发展过程。
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