Abstract

espanolLas redes de areas protegidas representan una de las principales estrategias para reducir la perdida de biodiversidad. Sin embargo, muchas de estas areas han sido disenadas considerando unicamente grupos carismaticos mayoritariamente terrestres, como los vertebrados y las plantas. Por lo tanto, existe un escaso conocimiento sobre la capacidad de las areas protegidas para representar la biodiversidad acuatica. Este trabajo analiza la idoneidad de las redes nacionales y europeas de areas protegidas (Espacios Naturales Protegidos y Red Natura 2000) para representar dicha biodiversidad. Para ello, estudiamos los diferentes componentes de la diversidad (α, β y γ) utilizando los coleopteros acuaticos de la cuenca del rio Segura como indicadores de la biodiversidad total de macroinvertebrados. Nuestros resultados no muestran diferencias significativas en la diversidad α entre areas protegidas y no protegidas. Del mismo modo, no encontramos diferencias significativas en los componentes de la diversidad β (reemplazamiento y anidamiento, i.e., diferencias en la riqueza entre localidades sin que tenga lugar recambio de especies) entre areas protegidas y no protegidas. El reemplazamiento de especies contribuyo mas que el anidamiento en los cambios observados en la diversidad β total. Finalmente, encontramos que las dos redes de areas protegidas mostraron una diversidad γ mayor, en comparacion con un numero equivalente de localidades seleccionadas al azar. Por lo tanto, las redes de areas protegidas de la cuenca del rio Segura parecen presentar actualmente algunas lagunas a la hora de abarcar los diferentes componentes de la biodiversidad. Por ultimo, discutimos las implicaciones de estos resultados en la gestion y conservacion de los rios, proporcionando algunas directrices para futuras investigaciones EnglishNetworks of protected areas represent one of the main strategies to reduce the rapid loss of biodiversity. However, most of these protected areas have been designed by considering only charismatic groups of vertebrates and plants, most linked to terrestrial environments. Thus, little is known about how well protected areas perform in representing aquatic biodiversity. This study analyses the suitability of national and European protected area networks (Natural Protected Areas and Natura 2000) in representing such biodiversity. For this purpose, we studied the different components of diversity (α, β and γ) using water beetles from the Segura River Basin as surrogates of overall macroinvertebrate biodiversity. Our results revealed no significant differences in α-diversity between protected and non-protected areas. Similarly, we did not find significant differences in β-diversity components (species replacement and nestedness, i.e., differences in among-site richness without species replacement) between protected and non-protected areas. The species replacement contributed more than nestedness to explain overall β-diversity changes. Finally, we found that the γ-diversity component was significantly higher in both protected areas, when compared to an equivalent number of randomly selected locations. Thus, the protected area networks from the Segura River Basin currently seem to have gaps in embracing the different aquatic biodiversity components. These results for river management and biodiversity conservation are discussed, providing some guidelines for future research.

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