Abstract
Today there is significant information indicating an effect of prolactin on the prostate gland. It has been shown to be involved in mechanisms leading to the synthesis of some proteins such as PSA and cathepsin D, synthesis of citrate and accumulation of zinc. Also, at the behavioral level, prolactin is known to control some aspects of reproduction, including documentation on the physiology of the prostate and the possibility to trigger pathologies in this sex gland. Although the later still is not clear, there is a correlation between the level of prolactin and the presence of prostate pathologies. Thus, the aim of this review is to show how prolactin is involved in the progression of some pathologies of this male sexual gland.
Highlights
Prolactin (PRL) is a protein hormone that in vertebrates regulates several functions, including those related to glands involved in reproduction, such as the prostate
Notwithstanding the controversy of whether it acts alone or in concert with androgens, what is certain is that the serum elevation of PRL has a significant relationship with the presence of hyperplasia or cancer of the prostate
To date there is a poor interest on the issue since most of the information suggests that androgens are the main hormone triggering prostate cancer
Summary
Prolactin (PRL) is a protein hormone that in vertebrates regulates several functions, including those related to glands involved in reproduction, such as the prostate. In the latter, PRL controls the zinc uptake, citrate synthesis, and the expression of both androgen receptor and cathepsin D. Notwithstanding the controversy of whether it acts alone or in concert with androgens, what is certain is that the serum elevation of PRL has a significant relationship with the presence of hyperplasia or cancer of the prostate. To date there is a poor interest on the issue since most of the information suggests that androgens are the main hormone triggering prostate cancer. This paper is focused to show that PRL, alone or in combination with androgens, may be responsible for promoting the development of the disease
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