Abstract
BackgroundViolence against women (VAW) has many impacts on health, but the role of the primary healthcare physicians in the intervention program is lacking. This research aimed to explore the primary healthcare physician role in a comprehensive intervention program of VAW in Malang City, Indonesia.MethodsThis qualitative research was conducted using a phenomenology approach. A focused group discussion followed by in-depth interviews were carried out involving six primary healthcare physicians in Puskesmas (Primary Healthcare Center) and two stakeholders. Legal document related to VAW was reviewed to measure up the role of the primary healthcare physicians.ResultOur study revealed that the role of physicians in primary healthcare centers on the VAW intervention program was limited. This was due to the insufficient knowledge of the physicians on the VAW program, physicians’ constraint on counseling skill, unsupportive infrastructure, and a limited number of physicians in Puskesmas. Some barriers related to the VAW program management were also discovered and needed intervention at the decision-maker level.ConclusionThe role of primary healthcare physicians in the comprehensive intervention of the VAW program is not optimum. The source of the problem involves the physician capability and program management aspects in all levels of decision-makers. Local government awareness and commitment are needed to improve the overall management of the VAW intervention program in this city.
Highlights
Violence against women (VAW) has many impacts on health, but the role of the primary healthcare physicians in the intervention program is lacking
Psychological impairment can be found as VAW impacts, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, substance misused, and suicide temptation [3]
Damra in Jordan revealed that the occurrence of abortion has a significant interaction with psychological violence, and the level of depression of the women is significantly related with the Purwaningtyas et al BMC Family Practice (2019) 20:168 type of violence they received [4], while Karen Devries et al reported that violence against women is strongly associated with suicide attempts [5]
Summary
Violence against women (VAW) has many impacts on health, but the role of the primary healthcare physicians in the intervention program is lacking. This research aimed to explore the primary healthcare physician role in a comprehensive intervention program of VAW in Malang City, Indonesia. Violence against women (VAW) is one of the major public health problems and human rights violations. It forms in many ways, such as intimate partner violence (IPV), IPV during pregnancy, sexual violence (including first force sex), women trafficking, child sexual abuse, and female genital mutilation [1]. Psychological impairment can be found as VAW impacts, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, substance misused, and suicide temptation [3]. Damra in Jordan revealed that the occurrence of abortion has a significant interaction with psychological violence, and the level of depression of the women is significantly related with the Purwaningtyas et al BMC Family Practice (2019) 20:168 type of violence they received [4], while Karen Devries et al reported that violence against women is strongly associated with suicide attempts [5]
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