Abstract
Abiotic stressors such as extreme temperatures, drought, flood, light, salt, and heavy metals alter biological diversity and crop production worldwide. Therefore, it is important to know the mechanisms by which plants cope with stress conditions. Polyphenols, which are the largest group of plant-specialized metabolites, are generally recognized as molecules involved in stress protection in plants. This diverse group of metabolites contains various structures, from simple forms consisting of one aromatic ring to more complex ones consisting of large number of polymerized molecules. Consequently, all these molecules, depending on their structure, may show different roles in plant growth, development, and stress protection. In the present review, we aimed to summarize data on how different polyphenol structures influence their biological activity and their roles in abiotic stress responses. We focused our review on phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenoids, and lignans.
Highlights
IntroductionThe Role of Polyphenols in AbioticIn the last couple of decades, more scientific evidence has been found to support the fact that climate and atmospheric changes can rapidly alter biological diversity [1] and crop production [2] around the world
The Role of Polyphenols in AbioticIn the last couple of decades, more scientific evidence has been found to support the fact that climate and atmospheric changes can rapidly alter biological diversity [1] and crop production [2] around the world
We summarized data from the available literature on how phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenoids, and lignans are involved in abiotic stress responses
Summary
The Role of Polyphenols in AbioticIn the last couple of decades, more scientific evidence has been found to support the fact that climate and atmospheric changes can rapidly alter biological diversity [1] and crop production [2] around the world. Environmental stress can be defined as any change in growth condition(s) within the plant’s natural habitat that alters or disrupts its metabolic homeostasis. We recognize two different types of stress: biotic (caused by insects, bacteria, or viruses) and abiotic. Abiotic stressors such as extreme temperatures, drought, flood, light, salt, and heavy metals largely influence plant development and crop productivity. Polyphenols are an important class of specialized metabolites that play crucial physiological roles throughout the plant life cycle, including responses to stress. It is well known that the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway is usually activated under harmful environmental conditions such as drought, extreme temperatures, salinity, heavy metal pollutions, and ultraviolet radiations, resulting in the accumulation of various phenolic compounds [3,4]
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