The role of platelet-rich plasma for rabbit tibial distraction osteogenesis

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the role of platelet rich plasma (PRP) for rabbits tibial distraction osteogenesis. Methods 50 healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups, and then establish the tibial bone fracture distraction osteogenesis models on the right side. Group Ⅰ without used PRP (n= 20), and group Ⅱ with used PRP (n= 30). Group Ⅰ were divided into two subgroups, group ⅠA (n= 10) with distraction osteogenesis for 14 d after tibia fracture modeling created. group ⅠB (n= 10) with distraction osteogenesis for 14 d begin at 7 d after tibia fracture modeling created. Group Ⅱ was divided into three subgroups: group ⅡA (n= 10) with distraction osteogenesis for 14 d after tibia fracture modeling created and 0.5 ml PRP was injected on the fracture site. Group ⅡB (n= 10) with distraction osteogenesis for 14 d begin at 14 d after tibia fracture modeling created and 0.5 ml PRP was injected on the fracture site. Group ⅡC (n= 10) with distraction osteogenesis for 14 d begin at 7 d after tibia fracture modeling created, and 0.5 ml PRP was injected on the fracture site after distracted. Evaluation of new bone mineralization by X-ray at the 7, 14, 21, 42, 70 d after distraction osteogenesis. All rabbits were sacrificed immediately at the 70 d after distraction osteogenesis and the fracture site on the right leg were evaluated by bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) through Micro-CT scans. Results The value of BMC were 463 913.9±48 089.3, 560 688.7±85 044.3 for group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ, group I was obviously lower than group Ⅱ and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.513, P=0.026). the value of BMD were 134.2±13.9, 162.2±24.7 for group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ, group Ⅰ was obviously lower than group Ⅱ and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.504, P=0.026). The value of BMC were 455 162.3±51 284.8, 472 665.5±54 051.3 for group ⅠA and group ⅠB, and the difference was statistically significant (t=0.407, P=0.705). The value of BMD were 131.7±14.8, 136.8±15.6 for group ⅠA and group ⅠB, and the difference was statistically significant (t=0.407, P=0.705). The value of BMC were 557 070.0±104 692.6, 589 549.9±5 407.5, 535 446.3±125 362.6 for group ⅡA, ⅡB, ⅡC, and the difference was statistically significant (F=0.250, P=0.787). The value of BMD were 161.2±30.3, 170.5±4.6, 196.7±36.3 for group ⅡA, ⅡB, ⅡC, and the difference was statistically significant (F=0.246, P=0.789). Conclusion PRP can accelerate bone formation, increase new bone mineral density and bone mineral content, shorting the time of distraction osteogenesis, and injection time is not important. Key words: Distraction osteogenesis; Platelet rich plasma; Bone mineral; Bone mineral density