The role of Platelet Rich Fibrin in bone defect regeneration

Abstract

Background: Natural tissue regeneration relies on a cocktail of signaling molecules and growth factors. During natural wound healing, activated platelets concentrate in the wound area and secrete factors that play a role in wound healing. Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) represents a revolutionary step in the platelet gel therapeutic concept. It needs only centrifugation of the natural blood without additives. Objectives: This present study designed to evaluate the role of PRF on regeneration of bone defect. Design: In this study 24New Zealand white male rabbits were used with bilateral cortical bony defects in the submental mandibular area, divided into two groups. The right bone defects were filled with PRF (experimental) and the left bone defects kept empty (control). Each group was equally subdivided into three subgroups; rabbits were sacrificed at 2nd, 4th and 6th weeks. Immunohistochemical analysis for collagen I and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were done. Results: The histological findings illustrated that all experimental subgroups showed more deposition of osteoid tissue and well organized bone trabeculae. Immunohistochemical findings of collagen I revealed statistically to be the highest in PRF group. While VEGF illustrated a positive expression by bone marrow stromal cells and bone tissue cells in different value and the PRF group recorded the highest value. Conclusion: It was concluded that PRF can accelerate bone regeneration and had effect on collagen I and VEGF expression.