Abstract
<p>Introduction. Platelets are not strictly “cells”, they are cytoplasmic fragments that are produced by the division of the cytoplasm of the megakaryocytes in the bone marrow; among its properties of adhesion and aggregation, platelets are involved in primary hemostasis, thrombosis, repair and tissue regeneration processes. To modify the pro-thrombotic platelet properties aspirin (ASA) is provided, which allows blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins in order to irreversibly inhibit the COX1 and prevent platelet aggregation. The current guidelines govern the use of aspirin in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Objective. In this review paper graphics were created to facilitate the understanding of platelets and its interaction with various physiological and pathological processes. Methodology. A literature review of a total of 74 documents such as articles and books was carried out; it was obtained from bibliographic searches in the following databases: Scielo, NEJM, Elsevier, Pubmed, Redalyc, Wiley, Springer, ScienceDirect, BVS, Nature Riviews, EBSCO, Naxos (databases offered by the University of Cauca). Mendeley free access program was used for the management and organization of information. Conclusion. It is recognized the role of platelet in different physiopathological processes and thus its interaction with aspirin, preventing its aggregation and thrombus formation in the spleen and other organs, this way contributing to the prevention of future cardiovascular events.</p>
Highlights
Platelets are not strictly “cells”, they are cytoplasmic fragments that are produced by the division of the cytoplasm of the megakaryocytes in the bone marrow; among its properties of adhesion and aggregation, platelets are involved in primary hemostasis, thrombosis, repair and tissue regeneration processes
It is recognized the role of platelet in different physiopathological processes and its interaction with aspirin, preventing its aggregation and thrombus formation in the spleen and other organs, this way contributing to the prevention of future cardiovascular events
The bone marrow [7] (Table 1), which are derivative from the pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell (PHSC) [8]; which is activated by colony-stimulating factors that are synthesized into cells such as macrophages, fibroblasts and endothelial cells [4,6,9,10]
Summary
The description of particles in blood smaller than leukocytes and erithrocytes dates from the end of the eighteenth century. Metabolite of aspirin, has a certain fibrinolytic effect because of its interaction by neutrophils and monocytes with the release of proteolytic enzymes —Cathepsin G and elastase— It is recognized its effect against pain, inflammation and fever and as agonist its platelet anti-aggregation effect by the reduction in the formation of thromboxane A2 is taken into account, that is why it can be used as a cardiac muscle protector [25], for its protective action in patients who had suffered a myocardial infarction has been proved [64] and its regular use in low doses has enabled them to avoid the possibility of a second attack [25]. Physicians should be sure to consider gender-specific risks, benefits, and guidelines for aspirin therapy prior to making patient recommendations [73,74]
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