Abstract
The influence of scientific research in art is not exclusively a contemporary phenomenon. The Alberti model of pictorial representation based on perspective, as well as the social consideration of art, included Painting among the liberal arts because of the mathematical principles of geometry which it was founded on. For more than 400 years, perspective would be called the “science of art” and it established, almost in a unitary way, a representative model that has characterised the artistic production and the training of artists until the fracture represented by the art of the twentieth century. The discussion about the preeminence of the rational model in the artistic practice based on the aesthetic or historicist parameters has been the topic of important debates on teaching and practising the Fine Arts particularly during the age of Enlightenment. Our contribution aims to reflect on the role that perspective has regained in the contemporary artistic practice, not only as a graphic resource for representation but also as a reflective element in itself. Although a hundred years ago for most of the avant-garde movements of the twentieth century it could symbolise a reality to be fought against, its use in contemporary art has transcended from pure methodology to its inclusion among the new conceptual landscapes, intervening as a fundamental part of artistic discourse. Therefore, we will study the work of contemporary artists whose pieces highlight a review of the spatial perspective; so that the three-dimensional space becomes a protagonist element of the same representation.
Highlights
The main purpose of this article is to demonstrate the connections that exist between art and knowledge
We can draw various conclusions from the analysis of these modern artists, whose work requires study of methods of representation such as perspective, which paves the way for anamorphosis, and the transformation of space through its perception, creating visual illusions which oblige us to reconsider the knowledge we acquire through the use of sight
Setting the boundary creates a conflict, yet this notwithstanding, it is clear that art is able to disseminate any kind of knowledge from aesthetic and from epistemology
Summary
Can we obtain scientific knowledge from visual art? This is a quite difficult question to answer. We introduce a great selection of contemporary artists in whose works of art perspective and the representation of space is a crucial issue. We can clarify the main role that perspective has played in art, and the impact that this fact has on contemporary art. This means that scientific knowledge can be learnt from the study of contemporary art. The artists selected in this article are university educated, and this permits us to grasp the importance given in Fine Arts faculties and schools to reviewing scientific and historical methods.
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