Abstract
The relations between personality, role engagement, and a four-dimensional typology of work-family balance (WFB) were examined within a community-based sample (n = 213) derived from the Jyvaskyla Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (JYLS). The typology was formed based on both work-family conflict (WFC) and enrichment (WFE) experiences. The profiles of personality and role engagement differentiated the four WFB types - Beneficial, Harmful, Active, and Passive types. The Beneficial type (low WFC, high WFE; 48.4%) was characterized by low neuroticism, high agreeableness and high conscientiousness. The opposite was observed for the Harmful type (high WFC, low WFE; 8.9%), which was also characterized by low family investment. In turn, high extraversion and high work and family investment characterized the Active type (high WFC, high WFE; 16.4%), whereas low extraversion and openness to experience as well as low work investment characterized the Passive type (low WFC, low WFE; 26.3%). Thus, rather than just being a unidimensional construct ranging from balance to imbalance, it is confirmed that WFB can also be seen as manifesting itself in multiple types, which are linked to meaningful differences in personality traits and role engagement.
Highlights
Povzetek: Prek vzorca udeležencev (n = 213) iz vzdolžne študije Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (JYLS) smo proučevali povezave med osebnostjo, vključenostjo v različne vloge in štiri-dimenzionalno tipologijo ravnotežja med delom in družino
Rather than just being a unidimensional construct ranging from balance to imbalance, it is confirmed that work-family balance (WFB) can be seen as manifesting itself in multiple types, which are linked to meaningful differences in personality traits and role engagement
In work-family interface research, work-family conflict (WFC) and work-family enrichment (WFE) have typically been seen as experiences that are opposite and exclude each other, as for example in Frone’s (2003) conceptualization of WFB comprised of high WFE and low WFC
Summary
Overall appraisals refer to individuals’ general assessment of their entire life situation (e.g., “All in all, how successful do you feel in balancing your work and personal/family life?”; Clarke, Koch, & Hill, 2004), whereas the components approach views WFB as constituting different measurable dimensions such as time, engagement, and satisfaction balance (Greenhaus, Collins, & Shaw, 2003) or work-family conflict and enrichment (Frone, 2003). In the typological approach to WFB adopted in the present study, the different types of WFB are expected to exist as a combination of WFC and WFE experiences (Demerouti & Geurts, 2004; Grzywacz et al, 2008; Rantanen et al, 2011). At the same time, the long weekly working hours may provide the desired financial security for the family, thereby eliciting an experience of WFE
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