Abstract
The aim of the present study was (a) to investigate the effect of perceived parents’ disapproval of peer relations and perceived parental monitoring on youth’s engagement in organized sports activities, (b) to examine whether youth’s engagement in delinquent behaviors mediates the link between parents’ behaviors and youth’s participation in and dropout from organized sports, and (c) to test whether the mediation process is moderated by youth’s immigrant background. Data were collected from immigrant and Swedish adolescents ( N = 687) in seventh grade over two consecutive years. Our main findings revealed that youth who disclose their whereabouts to parents and whose parents practice control are less likely to engage in delinquent behaviors, and, in turn, more likely to engage in organized sports. The findings were similar with respect to sports dropout. Most importantly, these results hold for both immigrant and Swedish youth.
Highlights
We found that youth disclosure and parental control were negatively associated with dropping out from organized sports activities, whereas
Testing of indirect effects revealed that the youth who disclosed their whereabouts to parents were less likely to engage in delinquent behaviors (ß = −.22, p < .001), and, in turn, were more likely to participate in organized sports activities over time, ßindirect = .03, z = 2.25, p = .024, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) = [0.01, 0.07]
The test for an indirect effect showed that the youth who disclosed their whereabouts to parents were less likely to engage in delinquent behaviors, and, in turn, were less likely to drop out from organized sports activities, ßindirect = −.04, z = −3.21, p < .001, 95% CI = [−0.08, −0.02]
Summary
Persson and colleagues (2007) showed that, when youth perceived their parents as controlling, and felt unvalued and disrespected in the family setting, they were less likely to become involved in structured activities. They were more likely to switch from structured to unstructured activities, such as just hanging out on the streets. By contrast, when youth perceived that they had warm and responsive parents, they were more involved in school or community-based extracurricular activities (Fletcher & Shaw, 2000) These studies highlight parents’ intrusive controlling behaviors as an obstacle to youth’s participation in extracurricular activities. Following this line of research, we focused on two distinct parenting strategies that were used by parents to oversee youth’s day-to-day activities and whereabouts: parents’ disapproval of peer relations and parental monitoring behaviors
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