The role of oxidative stress in the interaction of periodontal disease with systemic diseases or conditions

Abstract

Periodontal diseases are among the most common chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases in the world. Bacteria in the dental biofilm trigger host response and the activated inflammatory system plays a major role in periodontal tissue destruction. Alterations in the oxidative stress-mediated inflammatory pathways could be one of the possible potential mechanisms in periodontal tissue breakdown. Local or systemic infectious diseases, inflammatory diseases, such as periodontitis, obesity, type II diabetes, vascular diseases and other inflammatory conditions are associated with an increased risk of oxidative stress. A linear relationship between oxidative stress, periodontal disease and systemic disease is likely to exist. The available literature clearly highlights the increased oxidative stress in periodontal disease that is associated with different systemic diseases and/or conditions. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of oxidative balance in periodontal diseases and systemic disease interactions.