The role of Ondofolo to maintain religious harmony: A study in a Christian perspective

Ondofolo is the highest customary leader in the order of the indigenous people of the Sentani tribe, Papua province, which is still in effect today. Ondofolo leadership is highly respected by the local community. This research was conducted to determine its leadership from a Christian perspective, using a qualitative exploratory approach. Data collection was carried out through participatory observation, interviews with Ondofolo and the head of the village customary court, and literature review. The research location was determined purposively in the Sentani customary area, data were analysed using triangulation. Ondofolo has values that are relevant from a Christian perspective, namely living righteously, full of wisdom and reason, and being able to manage his society, and having special attention that is carried out every day for his people. He is the highest leader among indigenous people, in his leadership always holding on to the Creator (God). Ondofolo’s leadership can be used as an alternative leadership model based on local wisdom that can be used both in society, government and even in the church, because it contains leadership values and relies heavily on God while leading.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This study contributes interdisciplinary aspects of contextual theology to Ondofolo’s leadership to give new meaning to that leadership from a Christian perspective. The results are useful in forming the basis of leadership for the people of Sentani, Papua and is used as an alternative model of leadership based on local wisdom in Indonesia.

This article discusses the comparison of leadership in the context of schools and Islamic boarding schools. Leadership in educational institutions is very important for achieving academic goals and developing student character. However, leadership in schools and Islamic boarding schools differs in culture, values, and institutional goals. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews with school and Islamic boarding school leaders. Data analysis was performed using the thematic analysis method. The results of the study show that leadership in schools is more focused on administrative management, while leadership in Islamic boarding schools is more focused on building religious character and values. In addition, leadership in Islamic boarding schools is more paternalistic in nature, while leadership in schools is more democratic. In the context of educational development in Indonesia, this research can provide insight and understanding of the differences in leadership in two different types of educational institutions. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide guidance for leaders of educational institutions in improving the quality of leadership and educational development in Indonesia.

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya pondok pesantren dalam mewujudkan generasi yang berakhlakul karimah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan manajemen strategik pembelajaran pondok pesantren dalam mewujudkan generasi yang berakhlakul karimah di Pondok Pesantren Al-Kamal Tambaksari Kecamatan Kuwarasan Kabupaten Kebumen. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif studi kasus. Subjek penelitian ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling, yang terdiri atas Ketua Dewan Pimpinan Pondok Pesantren, Kepala Madrasah Diniyah Pondok Pesantren, dan Ustadz Madrasah Diniyah Pondok Pesantren. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipan, dan analisis dokumen. Data penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis interaktif yang dikembangkan oleh Miles & Huberman, yaitu: reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan tiga tamuan. Pertama, Perencanaan strategik pembelajaran Pondok Pesantren dalam mewujudkan generasi berakhlaqul karimah di Pondok Pesantren Al-Kamal Tambaksari Kecamatan Kuwarasan Kabupaten Kebumen adalah dengan merumuskan setiap program yang ada, pimpinan pondok selalu merumuskan dan mengadakan musyawarah bersama dewan asatidz dan semua stakeholder yang ada untuk menyamakan visi, misi dan langkah-langkah dalam pencapaiannya. Kedua, Pelaksanaan strategik pembelajaran Pondok Pesantren dalam mewujudkan generasi yang berakhlaqul karimah di Pondok Pesantren Al-Kamal Tambaksari Kecamatan Kuwarasan Kabupaten Kebumen adalah dilaksanakan secara berjenjang dan terorganisir, selalu didampingi oleh pimpinan pondok, disurvei kegiatannya dan pendampingan yang intens, serta model kepemimpinan yang terbuka. Ketiga, Evaluasi strategik pembelajaran pondok pesantren dalam mewujudkan generasi yang berakhlaqul karimah di Pondok Pesantren Al-Kamal Tambaksari Kecamatan Kuwarasan Kabupaten Kebumen adalah dengan cara: (a) melihat secara langsung perilaku santri dalam kehidupan sehari-hari (amaliyah dzahiriyah); (b) evaluasi yang dilakukan secara formal maupun informal; (c) melihat secara langsung perubahan perilaku santri setelah mendapatkan pembinaan; (d) evaluasi yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan evaluasi mingguan, bulanan, semesteran, akhir tahun dan awal tahun; serta (e) evaluasi darurat.
 Kata kunci: Manajemen Strategik, Pembelajaran, Pondok Pesantren, dan Generasi yang Berakhlakul Karimah.

The role of the secretary in managing the administration of Islamic boarding schools has a very vital role in ensuring that the operations of Islamic boarding schools run efficiently. As an educational and religious institution, Islamic boarding schools have a great responsibility to manage administration that involves various aspects such as finance, documentation, internal and external communication, and coordination of various daily activities. One of the main challenges in managing Islamic boarding school administration is the large volume of work. Given the large number of students, coupled with various ongoing religious, educational, and social activities, Islamic boarding school administration often requires careful and structured management. Not only that, a secretary must also have a good understanding of the vision and mission of the Islamic boarding school, so that every administrative policy taken can be in line with the main objectives of the Islamic boarding school. In this context, the secretary must be able to work together with the leadership of the Islamic boarding school in formulating the right administrative strategy to support the sustainability of the Islamic boarding school in the future. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method to explore the role of the secretary in managing administration at the Darussalam Islamic Boarding School, Blokagung, Banyuwangi. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation. This study aims to understand how secretaries manage Islamic boarding school administration efficiently, and to offer recommendations to improve the effectiveness of administration at the Darussalam Islamic Boarding School. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the role of the secretary at the Darussalam Islamic Boarding School is very important in maintaining administrative efficiency. The main challenges faced include high workloads, limitations in the use of technology, and communication systems that need to be updated. By implementing recommendations that focus on the use of digital technology, increasing technological literacy, and more efficient communication systems, the effectiveness of Islamic boarding school administration can be significantly improved.

This study discusses the Religious Moderation Construction of Islamic Boarding Schools in Palopo City with a focus on religious interpretation and expression. The research was carried out at the DatokSulaiman Putra Palopo Islamic Boarding School and the Hidayatullah Islamic Boarding School Palopo. This study aims to determineinterpretation of religious moderation and religious expression of Islamic boarding schools in the city of Palopo. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. Basically, qualitative research seeks to describe, analyze, and interpret the data collected in the research process. The results of the research obtained in the field are the interpretation of religious moderation in the DatokSulaiman Putra Modern Islamic Boarding School and the HidayatullahPalopo Islamic Boarding School, as follows: 1) The vision of the state, as a form of attitude and behavior related to the vision of the state in the pesantren, namely: Attitudes of nationalism, love for the homeland , The use of school attributes according to the rules, and discipline. 2) Multiple awareness, as a form of attitude and behavior related to plural awareness in Islamic boarding schools, namely: working with various institutions, rejecting radicalism, mutual respect and respect, and tolerance between religious communities. 3) Respect for human values, as a form of attitude and behavior related to respect for human values ​​in Islamic boarding schools, namely: there is no dichotomization of students, both from the aspect of social status, economy, even ethnicity, not discriminatory in service, and respect fellow students and teachers. 4) Appreciation of cultural values ​​and identity, as a form of attitude and behavior related Appreciation of Cultural Values ​​and Identity in Islamic boarding schools, namely visiting historical places in the city of Palopo, local traditional activities such as barasanjitahlilan and others related to religion, as well as attending celebrations or traditional events carried out by the community. Expressions of diversity in the DatokSulaiman Putra Modern Islamic Boarding School and the HidayatullahPalopo Islamic Boarding School, namely: expressions of ceremonial activities as a form of nationalism and love for the homeland, expressions in humanitarian mission activities, expressions on anti-violence socialization activities, expressions on religious tourism activities, expressions on religious tradition activities, expression in the form of mental and spiritual strengthening, and expression in the form of integral activities. The interpretation of religious moderation is in line with religious expressions in cultivating the moderate values ​​of Islamic boarding schools in Palopo City, especially the DatokSulaiman Putra Modern Islamic Boarding School and the HidayatullahPalopo Islamic Boarding School. So that the two pesantren take part and contribute in constructing religious moderation in the city of Palopo.

This study aims to describe in depth related to: (1) How is the interpersonal communication of the leaders of the Tarbiyatul Qur'an and Baitul Qur'an Islamic Boarding Schools in improving the quality of education? (2) How is the intrapersonal communication of the leaders of the Tarbiyatul Qur'an and Baitul Qur'an Islamic Boarding Schools in improving the quality of education? (3) How is the communication between the leadership of the Tarbiyatul Qur'an and Baitul Qur'an Islamic Boarding Schools in improving the quality of education? This study uses qualitative research methods and multi-site study types. Data collection techniques using in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The data obtained were analyzed using techniques of reading all data, coding, interconnecting themes or descriptions, and interpreting the meaning of themes or descriptions. While the method of checking the validity of the data uses credibility, dependability, transparability, and confirmability techniques. The results of this study indicate that leadership communication at the Tarbiyatul Quran Islamic Boarding School is broader and more detailed than communication at the Baitul Quran Islamic Boarding School, the scope of interpersonal, intrapersonal, and audience communication at the Tarbiyatul Quran Islamic Boarding School is wider than at the Baitul Quran Islamic Boarding School. As for interpersonal communication of Islamic boarding school leaders in improving the quality of education, namely by discussing/deliberating with all elements of the Islamic boarding school, giving orders, giving instructions/directions, communicating via letters, chat/telephone via electronic media, for intrapersonal communication, namely by conveying ideas to be applied to students, sparking innovative ideas to be implemented in Islamic boarding schools, and public communication, for example by creating websites, improving the quality of ustadz/ustadzah, and holding Al-Qur'an seminars assemblies.

The phenomenon of the integration of prayer in the management of Islamic boarding school education is an important topic to study in the context of the development of religious culture and spiritual leadership in Islamic educational institutions. This study aims to explore how the integration of prayer can build religious culture and spiritual leadership in Islamic boarding schools. A qualitative approach with a case study method is used to explore this phenomenon. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and documentation in several Islamic boarding schools in Madura, East Java. The results of the study show that shalawat plays a significant role in the daily life of students and the management of Islamic boarding schools. The integration of prayer helps create a religious atmosphere, improve student discipline, and strengthen spiritual leadership in Islamic boarding schools. The implication of this study is the importance of adopting the integration of prayer as a managerial strategy in pesantren education to form religious character and effective leadership.

This paper was made with the aim to find out how women's leadership in Islamic boarding schools organizations, and acceptance of them. In general, the founding of a boarding school has never been found where the caregivers are primarily women, even though they have more scientific capacity. Some Islamic boarding schools are cared for by women as limited successors. Islamic boarding schools are Islamic education institutions, the social construction of women in Islamic boarding schools is inseparable from the Islamic view of women. Not a few Islamic boarding schools whose daughter's activities are more advanced. Not a few managers of Islamic boarding schools where female carers' abilities are better. This paper is a descriptive analytical study of the phenomenon of women's leadership in Islamic boarding schools, with qualitative field studies. The results showed that women's leadership in Islamic boarding schools had the same chance of success, there were no substantive obstacles, because technically it could be covered by the Board of Directors, but female leaders in Islamic boarding schools were perceived as temporary and merely successors. The characteristics of women's leadership have a lot of relevance to the style of pesantren traditionalism, which is authoritative charismatic. The benefits of female leadership in Islamic boarding schools are to counter the Islamic stereotypical ideas about women.

Islamic boarding schools have a long history and a very strategic role in shaping the character of the nation. For centuries, Islamic boarding schools/pesantren have been known as a place to produce scholars, community leaders and national leaders. The role of Islamic boarding schools as a leadership school is increasingly important in this modern era. In the context of pluralism and complex social dynamics, there is a need for leaders with good leadership skills supported by good morals. Islamic boarding schools with deep religious values and a distinctive education system are capable of producing leaders with these characteristics. However, there are still many questions that need to be answered regarding the role of Islamic boarding schools as a leadership school, such as: How does Islamic boarding schools apply leadership values in its curricula and daily activities? What are the challenges faced by Islamic boarding schools in producing leaders in the modern era? and how do graduates of Islamic boarding schools contribute to leadership in various sectors? The research adopts a qualitative approach exploring various curricula documents, such as daily activities and educational programs implemented in Islamic boarding schools, to answer the questions posed above. Through spiritual leadership, for example, students learn to be ethical leaders with qualities such as empathy, compassion and humility while by community leadership, Islamic boarding schools emphasize shared responsibility as students take on leadership roles, improve their interpersonal skills, teamwork and time management abilities, and learn flexibility, adaptability, problem solving and decision making. The diverse experiences and knowledge that Islamic boarding schools provide to their students as seen in real life can be evidence that Islamic boarding schools are leadership schools. Keywords: pesantren - Leadership - Curriculum - Spiritual leadership - Community leadership

This research is motivated by the condition of Islamic boarding schools in Jambi province in terms of infrastructure management. The research objective is to determine the infrastructure management system in developing Islamic boarding schools in Jambi Province.The research method uses a qualitative approach. The sample in this study; Nurul Jalal Islamic boarding school, Tebo Regency City, Zulhijjah Islamic boarding school, Batang Hari Regency, Nurul Iman Islamic boarding school, Jambi City and as a research informant for Islamic boarding school leaders, madrasa leaders and staff who handle infrastructure management. Data collection technique using snowball sampling. Sampling technique using the method : interviews, documentation, observation. To test the validity of the data by using data triangulationThe research results are as follows; first, management of facilities and infrastructure in the development of Islamic boarding schools in Jambi Province, the Islamic boarding schools as samples in this research are as follows; carry out planning, carry out implementation and organization, then carry out the process of procurement and inventory of facilities and infrastructure as well as the final stage of monitoring and evaluating the condition of infrastructure in an effort to develop Islamic boarding schools. All activities are oriented towards achieving goals, clarity and responsibility, administration, efficiency and consistency in the use of facilities and infrastructure. Second, the inhibiting factors in the process of managing facilities and infrastructure to develop Islamic boarding schools in Jambi province include; human resources, educational funds as well as the location and geography of Islamic boarding schools, while the supporting factors in managing facilities and infrastructure in developing Islamic boarding schools in Jambi Province come from the culture of Islamic boarding schools and the principles possessed by Kiai as leaders of Islamic boarding schools. Third, the efforts made by Islamic boarding schools in managing facilities and infrastructure in developing Islamic boarding schools in Jambi Province include; maximizing the allocation of the use of education financing funds for facilities and infrastructure, increasing human resources through training, collaborating with other institutions, collaborating with the private sector, collaborating with the government and the community. Fourth, a suitable management model for facilities and infrastructure in developing Islamic boarding schools in Jambi Province, the results of findings in the field show a model that is more suitable for developing Islamic boarding schools. The facilities and infrastructure management model is carried out using a strategic management model and at the beginning of activities uses the active management concept. This activity is influenced by the type and style of Islamic boarding school leadership. Apart from that, Islamic boarding school leaders view facilities and infrastructure as resources in the form of sources of strength in achieving a goal and as resources related to humans, finances and materials.

This study aims to formulate in depth related to: How is the transformational leadership of Female Ulama in defining success. Analyzing the internal-external context, setting strategies, building capacity, negotiating authority in improving the quality of education. This study uses a type of qualitative research with a case study approach. Data collection techniques using in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The data obtained were analyzed using techniques of reading all data, coding, interconnecting themes or descriptions, and interpreting the meaning of themes or descriptions. While the method of checking the validity of the data uses credibility, dependability, transferability, and confirmability techniques. The results of this study indicate that the transformational leadership of female Ulama in improving the quality of Islamic boarding school education is by means of better output of students, better management and leadership of Islamic boarding schools, Islamic boarding schools have religious values ​​in their members in the form of trustworthiness, resignation and tawadu. The definition of pesantren success in a broad sense can reflect the values ​​and beliefs of life. Internal analysis includes 1) an analysis of better school performance, 2) increased student capacity and 3) expectations of teachers are in accordance with expectations, namely the affective process of the school and the conditions of Islamic boarding schools and madrasas that support it. External analysis includes 1) the background and expectations of the parents of the students who enroll their children in Islamic boarding schools, 2) government policies in a global context. Preconditional strategy, Excellent service, Academic strategies, Supporting strategy, Final strategy. Capacity building in the form of: Developing human resources, Creating Islamic boarding schools’ cultures in the form of professional values ​​at work, Decision-making processes through participatory and collaborative methods. In negotiating authority in the form of: collaborative culture, visioning process by the chairman of the foundation, building collaboration with members of the wider community.

Madura merupakan salah satu pulau yang dikenal dengan masyarakatnya yang religius, dibuktikan dengan banyaknya pondok pesantren yang tersebar di daerah Madura. Di bangkalan terdapat 114 pesantren, di kabupaten Sampang terdata 352 pesantren, pamekasan tercatat 218 pesantren, dan di Sumenep tercatat 177 pesantren. Pesantren memiliki potensi yang sangat banyak, petama berdasarkan sumber daya manusianya yaitu santri yang mencapai ratusan bahkan ribuan, kedua kepemimpinan seorang kyai yang dikenal sebagai tokoh paling berpengaruh, ketiga potensi sosial dimana keterkaitan dengan masyarakat sangat erat. Oleh sebab itu menjadi peluang dalam mempercepat pembangunan ekonomi, sehingga pemerintah mendukung melalui program pemberdayaan pesantren yang dicanangkan yaitu OPOP agar terbentuknya kemandirian pesantren dan pemberdayaan masyarakat di sekitar pesantren. Pesantren melalui relasi dengan masyarakat dan media e-commerce OPOP Jatim, dapat memasarkan produknya dan bermitra bersama pesantren lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui dan mendukung program-program yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam pemberdayaan pesantren dan masyarakat Madura. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah pedekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif, dan data yang digunakan ialah data sekunder dan data primer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi pemberdayaan pesantren dan masyarakat melalui model OPOP dapat dilakukan dengan cara membentuk komunitas, pendampingan, proses produksi, dan pemasaran serta pengolahan limbah. Dampak yang dihasikan ialah terbentuknya jiwa wirausaha, mendapatkan keuntungan dan manfaat, mengurangi degradasi lingkungan, dan mewujudkan kesejahteraan.

It is common knowledge that men are the leaders of women, but Islam also encourages gender equality in education, which can be seen in the prophetic direction and the lives of salaf scholars, where at that time many female scholars emerged. Even so, religious boundaries must still be considered where in teaching and learning practice there can be no ikhtilat or mixing between men and women, therefore in the field of Islamic education, especially pesantren, it becomes a need for pesantren which only consists of women to the top. . In recent years, there has been a growing interest in women's leadership in these schools, as many Muslim women are seeking to become religious leaders.This comparative study aims to examine women's leadership in Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei Darussalam. The purpose of our study was to analyze the different leadership roles of women in Islamic boarding schools in these three countries. We use a qualitative approach combined with literature studies with interviews as a data collection technique. In addition, we used thematic comparative analysis to analyze the data collected from the interviews. The results are; in Indonesia, women often serve as heads of pesantren, focusing on collaborative, community-oriented leadership emphasizing service and mutual support. Conversely, female leadership in Malaysian Islamic schools is relatively rare, characterized by hierarchical structures and strict rule enforcement. Brunei Darussalam displays limited female leadership, with some exceptions following a conservative, values-centered approach. The study underscores the influence of cultural, social, and religious factors on women's leadership styles in Islamic educational institutions. The research highlights the need for further exploration of these dynamics, enabling the development of policies and practices that foster inclusive leadership environments within the context of Islamic teachings. At the end of this article will be presented in the form of a table about a comparison conclusion between Islamic Boarding School and Women Leadership in these specified countries for better understanding

This article discusses the tradition of fanciful 'being carried out by the Darul Hikmah Islamic boarding school in maintaining harmony between Muslims and Christians in the city of Medan. This study uses a qualitative method with a field research type. The subjects of this study were teachers, students, and the Christian community living around the Darul Hikmah Islamic boarding school in Medan. The object of this study is the tradition of fanciful 'being carried out by the Darul Hikmah Islamic boarding school and the surrounding community to clean the environment around the Islamic boarding school and strengthen the bonds of brotherhood between religious communities. This study found that the tradition of fanciful 'being carried out by the Darul Hikmah Islamic boarding school has a major impact on the harmony of Muslims and Christians in the city of Medan, especially in the community around the Islamic boarding school, as evidenced by the absence of disputes between the Muslim community living in the Islamic boarding school and the Christian community living in the area around the Islamic boarding school, even good interaction is established between the two as evidenced by the attitude of the Christian community who are always willing to cooperate in various social activities, and the existence of Islamic boarding school policies in the use of loudspeakers that pay attention to the comfort of the Christian community. This research has implications for revealing Islamic boarding schools' role in promoting tolerance values and providing deeper insights into local practices contributing to social cohesion in multi-religious societies.

Arabic is the most core subject in Islamic boarding schools. Likewise at the Bahrul Ulum Islamic Boarding School Tambakberas Jombang and the an-Nuqayah Islamic Boarding School Madura. This study discusses the Arabic curriculum applied by the Bahrul Ulum Islamic Boarding School Tambakberas Jombang and the an-Nuqayah Islamic Boarding School Madura with a focus on the research objectives of Arabic learning, Arabic language learning activities, and Arabic language learning materials taught in the two Islamic Boarding Schools. This study uses a qualitative approach by using the form of a case study. The sources of data in this study were the leaders of Islamic Boarding Schools, Arabic language teachers and administrators of the Bahrul Ulum Tambakberas Islamic Boarding Schools in Jombang and the an-Nuqayah Islamic Boarding Schools, Madura. After discussing and analyzing the data, it can be concluded that the two Islamic boarding schools applied different curricula. The Bahrul Ulum Islamic Boarding School Tambakberas Jombang applies an Arabic curriculum for the Salaf Islamic Boarding School which still prioritizes Arabic as a tool for understanding sources of Islamic studies. Meanwhile, at the an-Nuqayah Islamic Boarding School, the modern Islamic Boarding School's Arabic curriculum combines basic Arabic (as a tool) and practical Arabic as a daily communication tool, which in this case is accommodated by the Daar al-Lughah al-Arabiyah wa al-Fiqh al-Salafi institution. However, the two Islamic Boarding Schools have something in common, namely placing Arabic in their respective Madrasah Diniyah programs.