Abstract
sOptimal nutrition is the foundation for the development and maintenance of a healthy immune system. An optimal supply of nutrients is required for biosynthesis of immune factors and immune cell proliferation. Nutrient deficiency/inadequacy and hidden hunger, which manifests as depleted nutrients reserves, increase the risk of infectious diseases and aggravate disease severity. Therefore, an adequate and balanced diet containing an abundant diversity of foods, nutrients, and non-nutrient chemicals is paramount for an optimal immune defense against infectious diseases, including cold/flu and non-communicable diseases. Some nutrients and foods play a larger role than others in the support of the immune system. Oats are a nutritious whole grain and contain several immunomodulating nutrients. In this narrative review, we discuss the contribution of oat nutrients, including dietary fiber (β-glucans), copper, iron, selenium, and zinc, polyphenolics (ferulic acid and avenanthramides), and proteins (glutamine) in optimizing the innate and adaptive immune system’s response to infections directly by modulating the innate and adaptive immunity and indirectly by eliciting changes in the gut microbiota and related metabolites.
Highlights
Optimal nutrition provides building blocks for the development and maintenance of all cells, including a well-functioning immune system
As symptomatic infections can be a result of compromised immune functions consequential to deficient micronutrient stores [25,32], maintaining optimal nutrient status is paramount for humans defending against infectious diseases, including cold/flu and COVID-19
Maintaining optimal nutrient status is paramount for humans defending against infectious diseases, including cold/flu and COVID-19
Summary
Oliver Chen 1,2, * , Eunice Mah 1 , ElHadji Dioum 3 , Ankita Marwaha 4 , Shobana Shanmugam 5 , Nagappa Malleshi 5 , Vasudevan Sudha 5 , Rajagopal Gayathri 5 , Ranjit Unnikrishnan 5 , Ranjit Mohan Anjana 5 , Kamala Krishnaswamy 5 , Viswanathan Mohan 5 and YiFang Chu 3. The Role of Oat Nutrients in the Immune System: A Narrative Review. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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