Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) plays a role as antioxidant on HDL. Including in diet additionally ingest of polyphenolic compounds can stimulate PON1 transcription and increase its activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary intake, red wine consumption, and PON1 genotypes (Q192R, L55M and C-108T) on the specific activity of PON1 in a healthy population. A descriptive and analytical pilot study was conducted in Mexican volunteers clinically healthy (n = 45) aged from 21–59 years. Over 6 weeks, the study participants ingested 120 mL of red wine per day. PON1 concentration, PON1 activities, genetic polymorphisms and dietary intake were evaluated. The preliminary fingerprinting of the wine was determined to corroborate the presence of phenolic compounds such as tannins and gallotannins. Neither dietary intake nor PON1 genotypes showed an effect on the specific activity of PON1. However, a significant increase in specific AREase activity after red wine consumption period was observed in the study participants. Our data suggest that the moderate consumption of red wine has a beneficial effect on PON1 specific AREase activity in this healthy Mexican population.
Highlights
The Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene is a member of the paraoxonase family located on the long arm of human chromosome 7 (7q21-22)
With respect to body mass index (BMI), 44% were in the normal range (BMI, of 18.2–25 kg/m2) according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria [36], 35% of participants presented overweight (BMI, 25–30 kg/m2), and 21% were obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2)
A significant difference (p = 0.02) was observed in systolic blood pressure (SBP) between the sexes: males had a higher SBP than women (p = 0.02); no significant differences were observed in diastolic blood pressure (DBP), physical activity, alcohol and drug consumption, or smoking habits
Summary
The Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene is a member of the paraoxonase family located on the long arm of human chromosome 7 (7q21-22). PON1 is mainly expressed and synthesized in the liver and secreted into the blood circulation as a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) associated protein [1]. This enzyme has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant and antiatherogenic properties; and it is involved in the hydrolysis of a wide variety of substrates, such as lactones, arylesters, organophosphate pesticides, and others [2]. It has been described that PON1 activity and its concentration in populations can range up to 40-fold and 13 times, respectively [4]. Genetic factors, including polymorphisms, were found to explain more than 60% of phenotypical variance in PON1 activity [5]
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