Abstract
Immune-mediated inflammatory skin diseases are characterized by a complex multifactorial etiology, in which genetic and environmental factors interact both in genesis and development of the disease. Nutrition is a complex and fascinating scenario, whose pivotal role in induction, exacerbation, or amelioration of several human diseases has already been well documented. However, owing to the complexity of immune-mediated skin disease clinical course and breadth and variability of human nutrition, their correlation still remains an open debate in literature. It is therefore important for dermatologists to be aware about the scientific basis linking nutrition to inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, hidradenitis suppurativa, bullous diseases, vitiligo, and alopecia areata, and whether changes in diet can influence the clinical course of these diseases. The purpose of this narrative review is to address the role of nutrition in immune-mediated inflammatory skin diseases, in light of the most recent and validate knowledge on this topic. Moreover, whether specific dietary modifications could provide meaningful implementation in planning a therapeutic strategy for patients is evaluated, in accordance with regenerative medicine precepts, a healing-oriented medicine that considers the whole person, including all aspects of the lifestyle.
Highlights
Immune-mediated and inflammatory skin diseases (IMID), including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, suppurative hidradenitis, bullous diseases, vitiligo, and alopecia areata, very clinically different from each other, share a chronic inflammatory background of the skin
After examining the full text, we considered 45 case–control studies, case series studies, randomized controlled trials, and meta-analyses studies eligible and included them in this study
The data found have showed that nutrition has a conditioning role in many inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases of the skin, namely, in psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, hidradenitis suppurativa, bullous diseases, vitiligo, and alopecia areata
Summary
Immune-mediated and inflammatory skin diseases (IMID), including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, suppurative hidradenitis, bullous diseases, vitiligo, and alopecia areata, very clinically different from each other, share a chronic inflammatory background of the skin. Most of the patients with IMID give their dietary habits a significant role in disease course. They often ask dermatologists about the role of diet in inducing, exacerbating, or managing skin disorders, and not infrequently they turn to alternative sources of information to obtain answers, as they report receiving inadequate information from clinicians. It is, crucial for dermatologists to be aware of the growing body of literature concerning nutrition and immune-mediated skin disease to make patients appropriately informed about potential benefits of specific dietary interventions. Epidemiological studies point out some dietary factors as possible inducers of IMID, it is not clear as to whether and how diet could influence
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