The role of neopterin as macrophage activation and C-Reative protein in disease prognosis of coronavirus disease-2019 patients

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) has the potential to affect several organs owing to viral-induced hyper inflammation. Hyper inflammation is linked to the severity of coronavirus disease 2019. In severe COVID-19 patients, high levels of circulating cytokines have been recorded. High levels of circulating cytokines were reported in severe COVID-19 patients. Based on current knowledge, the “cytokine storm” appears as one of the most dangerous and potentially life-threatening events related to COVID-19 sustaining its major clinical consequences. Macrophage activation syndrome and its possible contribution to COVID-19, and cytokine targeted attempts in determine severity COVID-19 cases. Serum levels of the immune activation marker neopterin has shown to be of prognostic value in patients with SARS. Release of this cytokines is followed by rapid development of lung tissue damage resulting in acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, and organ failure. In this study, it was aimed the role of macrophage activation in immune response of covid 19 & progressive of disease to determine the prognostic Neopterin levels as prediction of severe disease in patients with COVID‐19. Severe, moderate and mild cases of COVID-19 were compared in terms of clinical and laboratory findings at hospital admission.