Abstract
It has been experimentally found that molybdenum oxide (MoO 3) as the interfacial modification layer on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) significantly improves the efficiency and lifetime. In this paper, the role of MoO 3 and MoO 3 doped N, N′-di(naphthalene-1-yl)– N, N′-diphenyl-benzidine (NPB) as the interface modification layer on ITO in improvement of the efficiency and stability of OLEDs is investigated in detail by atomic force microscopy (AFM), polarized optical microscopy, transmission spectra, ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). The studies on the energy level and the morphology of the films treated at different temperatures clearly show that the MoO 3 and MoO 3:NPB on ITO can reduce the hole injection barrier, improve the interfacial stability and suppress the crystallization of hole-transporting NPB, leading to a higher efficiency and longer lifetime of OLEDs.
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