Abstract
The purpose of this research is to identify the status and role of mobile technology in achieving sustainable and smart tourism, and to suggest future research and strategy directions for academia and managers in practice. This research utilized multiple sources, such as patents, academic articles, and news, and selected methodologies optimized for the purpose of each study. Study 1 used Netminer, a social network analysis program, to analyze the relationships between patent’s International Patent Classification (IPC) codes. Study 2 used the T-LAB program for content analysis to analyze the texts of patents, journal articles, and news. Study 3 used the Leximancer program, which utilizes relative frequency to analyze mobile app consumer reviews. In study 1, we identified various forms of data related technologies and mobile technologies for smart city systems and maps. In study 2, we found the environment, sustainability, business, and market themes to be related to mobile technology. In study 3, we explored consumers’ attitudes and preferences for mobile travel app using their reviews. Advances in mobile technology are expected to create innovative experiences for consumers, foster a sustainable competitive advantage for tourism destinations and tourism-related suppliers, and create sustainable competencies for smart tourism.
Highlights
For the past three decades, research on tourism has endeavored to describe sustainability in the field
To formulate theoretical foundation and directions for empirical research on smart tourism based on mobile technology, it is essential to understand in advance the goals of tourism and how sustainability in tourism led to these goals
It is difficult to acknowledge the contribution of mobile technology to sustainability in tourism without precise measurements or assessments
Summary
For the past three decades, research on tourism has endeavored to describe sustainability in the field. Because mobile technology has become an indispensable commodity in daily life, its relationships with tourism, along its role, are key topics to be addressed in this field This naturally leads to how to conceptualize mobile technology as a driver of change within a sustainable tourism framework and to establish a related theoretical foundation. The theme of sustainability in tourism emerged as a regulatory interest to resolve environmental concerns and global inequality in the 1960s and 1970s, when global tourism exhibited growth [10], and this theme was primarily based on the observation of the negative impacts of tourism that exceed its the benefits. Sustainable development focused on the goal of minimizing negative impacts and maximizing social, environmental, and economic impacts by proposing moral and ethical goals to stakeholders, such as tourists, residents, and firms [10,11,12]
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