Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a disabling neurodegenerative disease whose manifestations span motor, sensorimotor, and sensory domains. While current therapies for PD include pharmacological, invasive, and physical interventions, there is a constant need for developing additional approaches for optimizing rehabilitation gains. Mental imagery is an emerging field in neurorehabilitation and has the potential to serve as an adjunct therapy to enhance patient function. Yet, the literature on this topic is sparse. The current paper reviews the motor, sensorimotor, and sensory domains impacted by PD using gait, balance, and pain as examples, respectively. Then, mental imagery and its potential for PD motor and non-motor rehabilitation is discussed, with an emphasis on its suitability for addressing gait, balance, and pain deficits in people with PD. Lastly, future research directions are suggested.

Highlights

  • Whether called daydreaming, imagining, or fantasizing, creating and using mental images—known as mental imagery—is ubiquitous in many people’s day-to-day activities [1]

  • The purpose of this paper is to highlight the role of mental imagery as one rehabilitative approach and detail its unique qualities that potentially allow it to explicitly and address Parkinson’s disease (PD) manifestations that span from motor to sensorimotor to sensory

  • Given that low back pain (LBP) is highly prevalent and is negatively associated with self-reported physical activity [63] and quality of life in PD [61,63], we suggest LBP in people with Parkinson’s disease (PwP) may be appropriately targeted with mental imagery, especially when combined with movement-based therapy

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Summary

Introduction

Whether called daydreaming, imagining, or fantasizing, creating and using mental images—known as mental imagery—is ubiquitous in many people’s day-to-day activities [1]. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the role of mental imagery as one rehabilitative approach and detail its unique qualities that potentially allow it to explicitly and address PD manifestations that span from motor to sensorimotor to sensory. Given their high prevalence and clear impact on function and quality of life, we highlight gait, balance and pain, arguing that each of these may be effectively addressed using mental imagery

Gait as an Example of Motor Dysfunction in PD
Postural Instability as an Example of Sensorimotor Dysfunction in PD
Pain as an Example of Sensory Dysfunction in PD
Distorted Body Schema as a Target for Rehabilitation Using Mental Imagery
Background
The Suitability of Mental Imagery for PD Rehabilitation
Mental Imagery to Address Gait in PD
Mental Imagery to Address Balance in PD
10. Mental Imagery to Address Pain in PD
Findings
11. Summary
Full Text
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