The role of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in physiopathological processes in children with kidney diseases

Abstract

The review of studies of international and national researchers on the impact of matrix metalloproteinases (matrix metalloproteinases, ММРs) and their inhibitors (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, TIMPs) on physiological and pathological processes in children with kidney diseases. It is shown that MMPs play a significant role in organogenesis, i.e. nephrogenesis. Thus, MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMPs play a large role in basal membranes remodeling associated with epithelial structures in a developing kidney. Immunohistochemistry assay showed that MMP-2 was localized in structures of immature nephrons undergoing epithelial differentiation, MMP-9 – only in vascular structures included in immature glomeruli. Decreased activity of MMP and /or increased synthesis of TIMPs in nephrocytes contribute to the reduction of intercellular substance components catabolism and serve as a basis for glomerular fibrosis and renal interstitium. MMPs are the major group of proteases which regulate metabolism in extracellular matrix and serve as the most important parameters in tissue remodeling observed in acute and chronic inflammatory processes in kidneys. The literature review gives an opportunity to assess the importance of drug design preventing and delaying the progression of nephrosclerosis.