Abstract
We examined the effect of mangrove, seagrass meadows, reef characteristics, and complexity of seascape heterogeneity on reef fish assemblages in Ternate, Natuna and Bintan-Indonesia. The analytical approach of seascape ecology was undertaken, using field survey data of reef fish community and maps of mangrove covers and habitat benthic. The fish data had been collected during reef health monitoring in 2015 through the Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Program-Coral Triangle Initiative. Map of benthic habitats and mangroves was provided by Indonesia’s data custodians in 2015-2016. Generalized Additive Models were performed to analyze non-linear and non-monotonic relationships. The results showed that mangroves and seagrasses were essential for reef fishes, and as expected, reef characteristics were also important. Accordingly, the conservations of coral reefs should consider mangrove and seagrass protection and vice versa. Therefore, this information could be considered for managers of marine protected areas (MPA) to better practice MPA management.
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