Abstract
Leukotrienes (LTs) and prostaglandins (PGs) are metabolites of arachidonic acid that play major roles in various inflammatory conditions. The release of these mediators, by cells recruited to or present at the site of inflammation, modulate/influence the magnitude of the inflammatory response. A better understanding of eicosanoids and how their receptors trigger intracellular signaling during inflammatory conditions is helping to elucidate the well-known connection between chronic inflammatory disease and neoplastic transformation. In the current review, we summarize the role of LTs and PGs in chronic inflammation and, in particular, we focus on recent insights into the role of CysLT1 receptor signaling pathway. In addition, we delineate how continuous CysLT1 receptor activation and signaling can increase cell survival and proliferation as important early steps toward oncogenicity.
Highlights
The eicosanoids known as leukotrienes (LTs) and prostaglandins (PGs) are inflammatory mediators with potent biological activities in the pathogenesis of many diseases
These studies support the concept that COX-2 and its product, PGE2, levels are increased in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal tumors, and that specific inhibition of COX-2 appears to be a plausible approach to cancer prevention
The activation of COX-2 was shown to be important for the survival of the intestinal epithelial cells[20]. These results suggest that LTD4 mediated COX-2 activation and PGE2 production have a major impact on intestinal epithelial cell survival
Summary
Leukotrienes (LTs) and prostaglandins (PGs) are metabolites of arachidonic acid that play major roles in various inflammatory conditions. The release of these mediators, by cells recruited to or present at the site of inflammation, modulate/influence the magnitude of the inflammatory response. A better understanding of eicosanoids and how their receptors trigger intracellular signaling during inflammatory conditions is helping to elucidate the well-known connection between chronic inflammatory disease and neoplastic transformation. We summarize the role of LTs and PGs in chronic inflammation and, in particular, we focus on recent insights into the role of CysLT1 receptor signaling pathway. We delineate how continuous CysLT1 receptor activation and signaling can increase cell survival and proliferation as important early steps toward oncogenicity
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