The Role of Latent Heat in Heat Management of Mature Steamfloods

Abstract

ABSTRACT Proper heat management practices are critical to the economic success of many heavy oil steam floods. In relatively thick reservoirs such as those found in Kern River Field, California, strong steam override and gravity drainage of heated oil and water typify the after steam breakthrough stage of oil production. At this stage, many steam flood operators minimize operating costs by injecting only enough energy to maintain the growth of the steam chest and sustain the gravity drainage process. Injection rates and/or injected steam quality can be reduced to meet these reduced energy requirements. The form of the energy (i.e., steam vapor or hot water) dictates the efficiency by which oil is heated as well as the effectiveness of various mechanisms responsible for its production. The economic value of various heat delivery strategies for mature steam floods was investigated. Recommendations are given as to whether the total heat or the latent heat injected is the controlling factor in meeting the minimum energy to be delivered for economically optimal oil recovery from mature steam floods. The contribution of sensible heat on oil recovery and its impact on the economics of mature steam floods is also discussed.