The role of laser technologies in coloproctology

Abstract

Laser (Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation) is a technical device that emits electromagnetic radiation focused in the form of a beam in the range from infrared to ultraviolet, with high energy and biological effect. In the first quarter of the 20th century, A. Einstein laid the foundation for its creation, believing that when atoms are excited from an external radiation source, a multiple increase in the released photons occurs, and the result of this process is recorded as light energy. Back in the late twentieth century, lasers in coloproctology were used as a scalpel, in fact, they performed traditional surgical interventions, but using energy tools, however, this did not deprive patients of extensive wounds and, as a result, pronounced pain sensations. The modern use of laser in proctology is really minimally invasive. An optical fiber is carried through small punctures on the skin or fistula, through which the laser energy flows directly to the target and acts aiming. In coloproctology, lasers are used to treat hemorrhoidal disease, rectal fistulas and pilonidal sinus this isrecorded in clinical guidelines. The use of laser treatment with these nosologies can reduce the severity of pain after surgery, significantly reduce the healing time of wounds, shorten the period of disability, without reducing the quality of life of patients. At the same time, these interventions are almost as effective as classical operations, in some cases even superior. But despite these encouraging data, it is necessary to conduct further research in order to develop clear technical regulations for the use of laser techniques and tracking long-term results.