The Role of Intrinsic Fibrinolytic System Activation in Pathogenesis of Hemostasis Disturbances in Hemodialized Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

Abstract

In the hemodialysis patient, hemostasis changes may occur. The contribution of fibrinolysis in pathogenesis of these disorders is unclear. The aim of the study was to estimate intrinsic fibrinolysis pathway in patients treated with hemodialysis (HD) because of chronic renal failure caused by chronic glomerulonephritis. The study was performed with 43 patients; the control group consisted of 51 healthy volunteers chosen by sex and age. The following parameters were determined: concentration of the urokinase plasminogen activator antigen (uPA:Ag), plasmin–antiplasmin complexes (PAP), fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), activity of prekallikrein (PK) and C1‐inhibitor (C1‐INH) and also euglobulin clot lysis time (ELT). The above parameters were assessed in the patients before and after HD and were compared with the control group. In the HD patients, in comparison with the control group, prolonged statistically ELT [153 (125;215) vs. 105 (75;142) min.; p < 0.001], with increase of PAP (508.6 ± 274.7 vs. 184.7 ± 69.4. µg/L; p < 0.001) and FDP concentrations [5 (5;15) vs. 2.5 (0;0.3), µg/mL; p < 0.05] before the procedure were determined. It suggests increased plasmin production and fibrin digestion despite determination of decreased general fibrinolytic activity. The C1‐INH activity before HD was also significantly increased as compared with the control group [157 (136;171) vs. 107 (100;124), %; p < 0.001], and its significant decreased after the HD is [157.7 ± 23.9 vs. 122.3 ± 20.3, %; p < 0.001], as it seems to be a nondirect proof of intrinsic pathway contribution in fibrinolysis activation in the HD patients. The remaining examined parameters did not change significantly after the dialysis procedure.